894
Views
105
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Reviews

Thymosin β4: a multi-functional regenerative peptide. Basic properties and clinical applications

, , &
Pages 37-51 | Published online: 10 Nov 2011

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (21)

Thomas V. Murray, Kasia Kozakowska-McDonnell, Adam Tibbles, Annabel Taylor, Daniel Higazi, Emmanuel Rossy, Alessandra Rossi, Sivaneswary Genapathy, Giulia Tamburrino, Nicola Rath, Natalie Tigue, Vivian Lindo, Tristan Vaughan & Monika A. Papworth. (2021) An efficient system for bioconjugation based on a widely applicable engineered O-glycosylation tag. mAbs 13:1.
Read now
Sergey Lunin, Maxim Khrenov, Olga Glushkova, Svetlana Parfenyuk, Tatyana Novoselova & E Novoselova. (2020) Precursors of thymic peptides as stress sensors. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 20:12, pages 1461-1475.
Read now
Sudhiranjan Gupta & Li Li. (2018) The role of Thymosin β4 in angiotensin II-induced cardiomyocytes growth. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 18:sup1, pages 105-110.
Read now
Daniel C Morris, Zheng G Zhang & Michael Chopp. (2018) Thymosin β4 for the treatment of acute stroke: neurorestorative or neuroprotective?. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 18:sup1, pages 149-158.
Read now
Ewald Hannappel, Federica Iavarone & Massimo Castagnola. (2018) Thymosin fraction 5 re-evaluated after 35 years by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 18:sup1, pages 199-203.
Read now
Elisavet Vasilopoulou, Paul R. Riley & David A. Long. (2018) Thymosin-β4: A key modifier of renal disease. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 18:sup1, pages 185-192.
Read now
Karina N. Dubé & Nicola Smart. (2018) Thymosin β4 and the vasculature: multiple roles in development, repair and protection against disease. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 18:sup1, pages 131-139.
Read now
Walter Mandaliti, Ridvan Nepravishta, Francesca Pica, Paola Sinibaldi Vallebona, Enrico Garaci & Maurizio Paci. (2018) Potential mechanism of thymosin-α1-membrane interactions leading to pleiotropy: experimental evidence and hypotheses. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 18:sup1, pages 33-42.
Read now
Warren K. Y. Tan, Kristy Purnamawati, Leroy S. Pakkiri, Sock Hwee Tan, Xiaoxun Yang, Mark Y. Chan & Chester L. Drum. (2018) Sources of variability in quantifying circulating thymosin beta-4: literature review and recommendations. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 18:sup1, pages 141-147.
Read now
Marcella Nebbioso, Valeria Fameli, Magda Gharbiya, Marta Sacchetti, Anna Maria Zicari & Alessandro Lambiase. (2016) Investigational drugs in dry eye disease. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 25:12, pages 1437-1446.
Read now
Maxim A Shevtsov, Larisa V Smagina, Tatiana A Kudriavtceva, Sergey V Petlenko & Irina V Voronkina. (2015) Glu-Trp-ONa or its acylated analogue (R-Glu-Trp-ONa) administration enhances the wound healing in the model of chronic skin wounds in rabbits. Drug Design, Development and Therapy 9, pages 1717-1727.
Read now
Annalucia Serafino, Federica Andreola, Eugenia Pittaluga, Ewa K Krasnowska, Giuseppe Nicotera, Gianluca Sferrazza, Paola Sinibaldi Vallebona, Pasquale Pierimarchi & Enrico Garaci. (2015) Thymosin α1 modifies podosome architecture and promptly stimulates the expression of podosomal markers in mature macrophages. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 15:sup1, pages 101-116.
Read now
Gabriel Sosne, Chaesik Kim & Hynda K Kleinman. (2015) Thymosin β4 significantly reduces the signs of dryness in a murine controlled adverse environment model of experimental dry eye. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 15:sup1, pages 155-161.
Read now
Jana Knop, Christine App, Thomas Huff, Federica Iavarone, Massimo Castagnola & Ewald Hannappel. (2015) Identification of PDGF-BB binding to thymosin β4 by chemical cross-linking. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 15:sup1, pages 147-154.
Read now
Allan L Goldstein & Hynda K Kleinman. (2015) Advances in the basic and clinical applications of thymosin β4. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 15:sup1, pages 139-145.
Read now
Elisavet Vasilopoulou, Paul JD Winyard, Paul R Riley & David A Long. (2015) The role of thymosin-β4 in kidney disease. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 15:sup1, pages 187-190.
Read now
Tiziana Cabras, Federica Iavarone, Claudia Martelli, Daniela Delfino, Diana Valeria Rossetti, Ilaria Inserra, Barbara Manconi, Claudia Desiderio, Irene Messana, Ewald Hannappel, Gavino Faa & Massimo Castagnola. (2015) High-resolution mass spectrometry for thymosins detection and characterization. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 15:sup1, pages 191-201.
Read now
Michael Chopp & Zheng Gang Zhang. (2015) Thymosin β4 as a restorative/regenerative therapy for neurological injury and neurodegenerative diseases. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 15:sup1, pages 9-12.
Read now
Michael Nye, Shara Rudner & Leonard Bielory. (2013) Emerging therapies in allergic conjunctivitis and dry eye syndrome. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy 14:11, pages 1449-1465.
Read now
Rajesh Lakshmanan, Uma Maheswari Krishnan & Swaminathan Sethuraman. (2012) Living cardiac patch: the elixir for cardiac regeneration. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 12:12, pages 1623-1640.
Read now

Articles from other publishers (84)

Alexis Hocquigny, Hélène Hugerot, Rosy Ghanem, Tanguy Haute, Véronique Laurent, Virginie Cogulet & Tristan Montier. (2023) Mucoactive drugs and multiple applications in pulmonary disease therapy. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics.
Crossref
Khandoker Asiqur Rahaman, Anca Raluca Muresan, Md Lemon Hasan, Yoon Ki Joung, Hophil Min, Junghyun Son, Min‐Jung Kang & Oh‐Seung Kwon. (2023) Detection and quantification of the metabolite Ac‐Tβ 1–14 in in vitro experiments and urine of rats treated with Ac‐Tβ4: A potential biomarker of Ac‐Tβ4 for doping tests . Drug Testing and Analysis 15:11-12, pages 1454-1467.
Crossref
He Wang, Yan-Ping Yin, Zhen-Li Wang, Yu Qian, Yu-Chen Fan, Hui-Hui Liu & Kai Wang. (2023) Hypermethylation of thymosin β4 predicts a poor prognosis for patients with acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure. Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 22:4, pages 373-382.
Crossref
Wandi Li, Yan Yang, Xiaoyu Zhang, Yan Lin, Haoran Li, Yu Yao & Dali Mu. (2022) The preliminary study of exosomes derived from thymosin beta 4-treated adipose-derived stem cells in fat grafting. Genes & Genomics 45:4, pages 413-427.
Crossref
Peter Bako, Balint Lippai, Jazmin Nagy, Sofie Kramer, Balint Kaszas, Tamas Tornoczki & Ildiko Bock-Marquette. (2023) Thymosin beta-4 – A potential tool in healing middle ear lesions in adult mammals. International Immunopharmacology 116, pages 109830.
Crossref
Hynda K. Kleinman, Veronika Kulik & Allan L. Goldstein. (2023) Thymosin β4 and the anti-fibrotic switch. International Immunopharmacology 115, pages 109628.
Crossref
Jae-Wook Lee, Pham Xuan Thuy, Ja Hyun Koo & Eun-Yi Moon. (2022) Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 counter-regulates thymosin beta-4 expression and primary cilium formation for HeLa cervical cancer cell survival. Scientific Reports 12:1.
Crossref
Wei Wang, Wenning Jia & Chunping Zhang. (2022) The Role of Tβ4-POP-Ac-SDKP Axis in Organ Fibrosis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23:21, pages 13282.
Crossref
Sayan Paul, Subburathinam Balakrishnan, Arun Arumugaperumal, Saranya Lathakumari, Sandhya Soman Syamala, Vijithkumar Vijayan, Selvan Christyraj Jackson Durairaj, Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami & Sudhakar Sivasubramaniam. (2022) Importance of clitellar tissue in the regeneration ability of earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae. Functional & Integrative Genomics 22:4, pages 1-32.
Crossref
Fengying Yin, Zihao Wei, Fangman Chen, Chuan Xin & Qianming Chen. (2022) Molecular targets of primary cilia defects in cancer (Review). International Journal of Oncology 61:2.
Crossref
Yuanjian Huang, Shengzhe Zhang & Jae-Il Park. 2022. Nuclear, Chromosomal, and Genomic Architecture in Biology and Medicine. Nuclear, Chromosomal, and Genomic Architecture in Biology and Medicine 625 663 .
Yuan Xing, Yumeng Ye, Hongyan Zuo & Yang Li. (2021) Progress on the Function and Application of Thymosin β4. Frontiers in Endocrinology 12.
Crossref
Yuxin Wang, Thomas W. Carion, Abdul Shukkur Ebrahim, Gabriel Sosne & Elizabeth A. Berger. (2021) Adjunctive Thymosin Beta-4 Treatment Influences PMN Effector Cell Function during Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Induced Corneal Infection. Cells 10:12, pages 3579.
Crossref
Jiahao Zhang, Minghui Long, Zhongyi Sun, Cheng Yang, Xiaofang Jiang, Li He, Lianjiu Su & Zhiyong Peng. (2021) Association between Thymosin beta-4, acute kidney injury, and mortality in patients with sepsis: An observational cohort study. International Immunopharmacology 101, pages 108167.
Crossref
Gui-hong Zhang, Rahmawati Binti Pare, Kai Ling Chin & Yi-hua Qian. (2021) Tβ4 ameliorates oxidative damage and apoptosis through ERK/MAPK and 5-HT1A signaling pathway in Aβ insulted SH-SY5Y cells. Life Sciences, pages 120178.
Crossref
Qin Feng, Wenkai Xia, Shenglan Wang, Guoxin Dai, Weimei Jiao, Na Guo, Honghua Li & Guimin Zhang. (2021) Etodolac improves collagen induced rheumatoid arthritis in rats by inhibiting synovial inflammation, fibrosis and hyperplasia. Molecular Biomedicine 2:1.
Crossref
Yuxin Wang, Thomas W. Carion, Abdul Shukkur Ebrahim, Gabriel Sosne & Elizabeth A. Berger. (2021) Adjunctive Thymosin Beta-4 Treatment Influences MΦ Effector Cell Function to Improve Disease Outcome in Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Induced Keratitis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22:20, pages 11016.
Crossref
Voddu Suresh, Varshasnata Mohanty, Kiran Avula, Arup Ghosh, Bharati Singh, Rajendra Kumar Reddy, Deepti Parida, Amol Ratnakar Suryawanshi, Sunil Kumar Raghav, Soma Chattopadhyay, Punit Prasad, Rajeeb Kumar Swain, Rupesh Dash, Ajay Parida, Gulam Hussain Syed & Shantibhusan Senapati. (2021) Quantitative proteomics of hamster lung tissues infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 reveal host factors having implication in the disease pathogenesis and severity. The FASEB Journal 35:7.
Crossref
Hui Yang, Zhu Zhu, Haoran Xiong, Lixia Fu, Yingying Zhang & Guohong Chen. (2021) Recombinant protein and synthetic THY domain peptide of Macrobrachium rosenbergii thymosin β4 exhibit protective effect against Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Aquaculture 532, pages 736029.
Crossref
Youssof Eshac, Rachel L. Redfern & Vinay Kumar Aakalu. (2021) The Role of Endogenous Antimicrobial Peptides in Modulating Innate Immunity of the Ocular Surface in Dry Eye Diseases. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22:2, pages 721.
Crossref
Sayan Paul, Subburathinam Balakrishnan, Arun Arumugaperumal, Saranya Lathakumari, Sandhya Soman Syamala, Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami & Sudhakar Sivasubramaniam. (2020) The transcriptome of anterior regeneration in earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae. Molecular Biology Reports 48:1, pages 259-283.
Crossref
Krishnanand Padmanabhan, Hanna Grobe, Jonathan Cohen, Arad Soffer, Adnan Mahly, Orit Adir, Ronen Zaidel-Bar & Chen Luxenburg. (2020) Thymosin β4 is essential for adherens junction stability and epidermal planar cell polarity. Development 147:23.
Crossref
Rita Rezzani, Caterina Franco, Rüdiger Hardeland & Luigi Fabrizio Rodella. (2020) Thymus-Pineal Gland Axis: Revisiting Its Role in Human Life and Ageing. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21:22, pages 8806.
Crossref
Chunhui Yuan, Zongyou Pan, Kun Zhao, Jun Li, Zixuan Sheng, Xudong Yao, Hua Liu, Xiaolei Zhang, Yang Yang, Dongsheng Yu, Yu Zhang, Yuzi Xu, Zhi-Yong Zhang, Tianlong Huang, Wanlu Liu & Hongwei Ouyang. (2020) Classification of four distinct osteoarthritis subtypes with a knee joint tissue transcriptome atlas. Bone Research 8:1.
Crossref
Thomas W. Carion, Abdul Shukkur Ebrahim, Spandana Alluri, Thanzeela Ebrahim, Tressa Parker, Julia Burns, Gabriel Sosne & Elizabeth A. Berger. (2020) Antimicrobial Effects of Thymosin Beta-4 and Ciprofloxacin Adjunctive Therapy in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Induced Keratitis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21:18, pages 6840.
Crossref
Meng Wang, Hang-Fan Zong, Ke-Wei Chang, Hua Han, Mohammad Yasir Rizvi, Saema Iffat Neha, Zhi-Yi Li, Wei-Na Yang & Yi-Hua Qian. (2020) 5-HT1AR alleviates Aβ-induced cognitive decline and neuroinflammation through crosstalk with NF-κB pathway in mice. International Immunopharmacology 82, pages 106354.
Crossref
Rujun Jin, Ying Li, Lan Li, Dong Hwan Kim, Che Dong Yang, Han Sun Son, Jung Han Choi, Hyeon Jeong Yoon & Kyung Chul Yoon. (2020) Anti‑inflammatory effects of glycine thymosin�β4 eye drops in experimental dry eye. Biomedical Reports.
Crossref
Navid Shomali, Behzad Baradaran, Mina Deljavanghodrati, Morteza Akbari, Maryam Hemmatzadeh, Hamed Mohammadi, Yue Jang, Huaxi Xu & Siamak Sandoghchian Shotorbani. (2019) A new insight into thymosin β4, a promising therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative disorders. Journal of Cellular Physiology 235:4, pages 3270-3279.
Crossref
Pierpaolo Coni, Monica Piras, Anna Mateddu, Marco Piludu, Germano Orru, Alessandra Scano, Tiziana Cabras, Valentina Piras, Joanna Izabela Lachowicz, Mariusz Jaremko, Gavino Faa, Massimo Castagnola & Giuseppina Pichiri. (2020) Thymosin β4 cytoplasmic/nuclear translocation as a new marker of cellular stress. A Caco2 case study. RSC Advances 10:21, pages 12680-12688.
Crossref
Gui-hong Zhang, Krishna Dilip Murthy, Rahmawati Binti Pare & Yi-hua Qian. (2020) Protective effect of Tβ4 on central nervous system tissues and its developmental prospects. European Journal of Inflammation 18, pages 205873922093455.
Crossref
Jiajun Song, Xue Li & Jingyun Li. (2020) Emerging evidence for the roles of peptide in hypertrophic scar. Life Sciences 241, pages 117174.
Crossref
Giorgia Renga, Vasilis Oikonomou, Silvia Moretti, Claudia Stincardini, Marina M Bellet, Marilena Pariano, Andrea Bartoli, Stefano Brancorsini, Paolo Mosci, Andrea Finocchi, Paolo Rossi, Claudio Costantini, Enrico Garaci, Allan L Goldstein & Luigina Romani. (2019) Thymosin β4 promotes autophagy and repair via HIF-1α stabilization in chronic granulomatous disease. Life Science Alliance 2:6, pages e201900432.
Crossref
Yijing Chu, Min You, Jingjing Zhang, Guoqiang Gao, Rendong Han, Wenqiang Luo, Tingting Liu, Jianxin Zuo & Fuling Wang. (2019) Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhance Ovarian Cancer Growth and Metastasis by Increasing Thymosin Beta 4X-Linked Expression. Stem Cells International 2019, pages 1-9.
Crossref
Edward J. Holland, Mahshad Darvish, Kelly K. Nichols, Lyndon Jones & Paul M. Karpecki. (2019) Efficacy of topical ophthalmic drugs in the treatment of dry eye disease: A systematic literature review. The Ocular Surface 17:3, pages 412-423.
Crossref
João Q. Coentro, Eugenia Pugliese, Geoffrey Hanley, Michael Raghunath & Dimitrios I. Zeugolis. (2019) Current and upcoming therapies to modulate skin scarring and fibrosis. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 146, pages 37-59.
Crossref
Jae-Wook Lee, Hong Sug Kim & Eun-Yi Moon. (2019) Thymosin β-4 is a novel regulator for primary cilium formation by nephronophthisis 3 in HeLa human cervical cancer cells. Scientific Reports 9:1.
Crossref
Martina Severa, Jing Zhang, Elena Giacomini, Fabiana Rizzo, Marilena Paola Etna, Melania Cruciani, Enrico Garaci, Michael Chopp & Eliana Marina Coccia. (2019) Thymosins in multiple sclerosis and its experimental models: moving from basic to clinical application. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders 27, pages 52-60.
Crossref
Christoffer Stark, Pekka Taimen, Timo Savunen & Juha Koskenvuo. (2018) Pegylated and liposomal doxorubicin is associated with high mortality and causes limited cardiotoxicity in mice. BMC Research Notes 11:1.
Crossref
Thomas Carion, Abdul Ebrahim, David Kracht, Aditya Agrawal, Eliisa Strand, Omar Kaddurah, Cody McWhirter, Gabriel Sosne & Elizabeth Berger. (2018) Thymosin Beta-4 and Ciprofloxacin Adjunctive Therapy Improves Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Induced Keratitis. Cells 7:10, pages 145.
Crossref
Chae Eun Kim, Hynda K. Kleinman, Gabriel Sosne, George W Ousler, Kyeongsoon Kim, Sinwook Kang & Jaewook Yang. (2018) RGN-259 (thymosin β4) improves clinically important dry eye efficacies in comparison with prescription drugs in a dry eye model. Scientific Reports 8:1.
Crossref
Nitin KumarTang-Dong LiaoCesar A. RomeroMani MaheshwariEdward L. PetersonOscar A. Carretero. (2018) Thymosin β4 Deficiency Exacerbates Renal and Cardiac Injury in Angiotensin-II–Induced Hypertension. Hypertension 71:6, pages 1133-1142.
Crossref
Salwa Refat El-Zayat, Hiba Sibaii, Nermine N. Mahfouz, Sara F. Sallam, Reham F. Fahmy & Azza Abd El-Shaheed. (2018) Effect of vitamin A deficiency on thymosin-β4 and CD4 concentrations. Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 16:1, pages 57-61.
Crossref
Jing Yuan, Yan Shen, Xia Yang, Ying Xie, Xin Lin, Wen Zeng, Yingting Zhao, Maolu Tian & Yan Zha. (2017) Thymosin β4 alleviates renal fibrosis and tubular cell apoptosis through TGF-β pathway inhibition in UUO rat models. BMC Nephrology 18:1.
Crossref
Yuheng Hong, Qingbin Yao & Lina Zheng. (2017) Thymosin β4 attenuates liver fibrosis via suppressing Notch signaling. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 493:4, pages 1396-1401.
Crossref
Daniel C. Morris, Wing Lee Cheung, Richard Loi, Talan Zhang, Mei Lu, Zheng G. Zhang & Michael Chopp. (2017) Thymosin β4 for the treatment of acute stroke in aged rats. Neuroscience Letters 659, pages 7-13.
Crossref
Petra Budde, Hans-Dieter Zucht & Ian Pike. 2017. Alternatives for Dermal Toxicity Testing. Alternatives for Dermal Toxicity Testing 405 416 .
Hiba Mohamed Riad Sibaii, Salwa Refat El-Zayat, Azza Abd El-Shaheed, Nermine N. Mahfouz, Sara F. Sallam & Marwa H. El Azma. (2016) The Hidden Function of Vitamin D. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 4:4, pages 591-595.
Crossref
Li-Jin Chew & Cynthia A. DeBoy. (2016) Pharmacological approaches to intervention in hypomyelinating and demyelinating white matter pathology. Neuropharmacology 110, pages 605-625.
Crossref
Elisavet Vasilopoulou, Maria Kolatsi-Joannou, Maja T. Lindenmeyer, Kathryn E. White, Michael G. Robson, Clemens D. Cohen, Neil J. Sebire, Paul R. Riley, Paul J. Winyard & David A. Long. (2016) Loss of endogenous thymosin β4 accelerates glomerular disease. Kidney International 90:5, pages 1056-1070.
Crossref
Li Nie, Shi-jun Gao, Ya-nan Zhao, Jacob Masika, Hong-yan Luo, Xin-wu Hu, Liang-pin Zhang, Ying Zeng, Jürgen Hescheler & Hua-min Liang. (2016) Thymosin β4 impeded murine stem cell proliferation with an intact cardiovascular differentiation. Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology [Medical Sciences] 36:3, pages 328-334.
Crossref
Christoffer K.-J. Stark, Miikka Tarkia, Rasmus Kentala, Markus Malmberg, Tommi Vähäsilta, Matti Savo, Ville-Veikko Hynninen, Mikko Helenius, Saku Ruohonen, Juho Jalkanen, Pekka Taimen, Tero-Pekka Alastalo, Antti Saraste, Juhani Knuuti, Timo Savunen & Juha Koskenvuo. (2016) Systemic Dosing of Thymosin Beta 4 before and after Ischemia Does Not Attenuate Global Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Pigs. Frontiers in Pharmacology 7.
Crossref
Ta-Hsuan Ong, Elena V. Romanova, Rachel H. Roberts-Galbraith, Ning Yang, Tyler A. Zimmerman, James J. CollinsIIIIII, Ji Eun Lee, Neil L. Kelleher, Phillip A. Newmark & Jonathan V. Sweedler. (2016) Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Identification of Peptides Associated with Cephalic Ganglia Regeneration in Schmidtea mediterranea. Journal of Biological Chemistry 291:15, pages 8109-8120.
Crossref
G. Sosne, D. Rimmer, H.K. Kleinman & G. Ousler. 2016. Thymosins. Thymosins 277 306 .
H.K. Kleinman & G. Sosne. 2016. Thymosins. Thymosins 251 275 .
Lunawati Bennett. 2016. Ocular Drug Delivery: Advances, Challenges and Applications. Ocular Drug Delivery: Advances, Challenges and Applications 117 129 .
Tian Zhou, Yan-xia Huang, Jian-wen Song & Qiao-mei Ma. (2015) Thymosin β4 inhibits microglia activation through microRNA 146a in neonatal rats following hypoxia injury. NeuroReport 26:17, pages 1032-1038.
Crossref
Gabriel Sosne, Steven P. Dunn & Chaesik Kim. (2015) Thymosin β4 Significantly Improves Signs and Symptoms of Severe Dry Eye in a Phase 2 Randomized Trial. Cornea 34:5, pages 491-496.
Crossref
Sokho Kim & Jungkee Kwon. (2015) Actin cytoskeletal rearrangement and dysfunction due to activation of the receptor for advanced glycation end products is inhibited by thymosin beta 4. The Journal of Physiology 593:8, pages 1873-1886.
Crossref
Alberto M. Marchevsky & Mark R. Wick. 2015. Pathology of the Mediastinum. Pathology of the Mediastinum 37 50 .
Xi Lan, Dongmin Li, Bo Zhong, Juan Ren, Xuan Wang, Qingzhu Sun, Yue Li, Lee Liu, Li Liu & Shemin Lu. (2014) Identification of differentially expressed genes related to metabolic syndrome induced with high-fat diet in E3 rats. Experimental Biology and Medicine 240:2, pages 235-241.
Crossref
Xiao-wei ZhaoYong-xin YangDong-wei HuangGuang-long ChengHui-ling Zhao. (2015) Comparative proteomic analysis of proteins expression changes in the mammary tissue of cows infected with Escherichia coli mastitis . Journal of Veterinary Science 16:3, pages 253.
Crossref
Chuanyu Wei, Il-Kwon Kim, Li Li, Liling Wu & Sudhiranjan Gupta. (2014) Thymosin Beta 4 Protects Mice from Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension and Right Ventricular Hypertrophy. PLoS ONE 9:11, pages e110598.
Crossref
Peng Cheng, Fang Kuang, Haifeng Zhang, Gong Ju & Jian Wang. (2014) Beneficial effects of thymosin β4 on spinal cord injury in the rat. Neuropharmacology 85, pages 408-416.
Crossref
Rhys D. Brady, Brian L. Grills, Johannes A. Schuijers, Alex R. Ward, Brett A. Tonkin, Nicole C. Walsh & Stuart J. McDonald. (2014) Thymosin β 4 administration enhances fracture healing in mice . Journal of Orthopaedic Research 32:10, pages 1277-1282.
Crossref
Anna I. Arno, Gerd G. Gauglitz, Juan P. Barret & Marc G. Jeschke. (2014) New molecular medicine-based scar management strategies. Burns 40:4, pages 539-551.
Crossref
Sun-Hye Shin, Sangkyu Lee, Jong-Sup Bae, Jun-Goo Jee, Hee-Jae Cha & You Mie Lee. (2014) Thymosin Beta4 Regulates Cardiac Valve Formation Via Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transformation in Zebrafish Embryos. Molecules and Cells 37:4, pages 330-336.
Crossref
Sonia Nemolato, Tiziana Cabras, Irene Messana, Clara Gerosa, Gavino Faa & Massimo Castagnola. 2014. Kidney Development in Renal Pathology. Kidney Development in Renal Pathology 81 93 .
Sirinapa Sribenja, Kanlayanee Sawanyawisuth, Ratthaphol Kraiklang, Chaisiri Wongkham, Kulthida Vaeteewoottacharn, Sumalee Obchoei, Qizhi Yao, Sopit Wongkham & Changyi Chen. (2013) Suppression of thymosin β10 increases cell migration and metastasis of cholangiocarcinoma. BMC Cancer 13:1.
Crossref
Sonia A. Lamel & Robert S. Kirsner. (2013) New approaches to enhanced wound healing: future modalities for chronic venous ulcers. Drug Discovery Today: Disease Mechanisms 10:3-4, pages e71-e77.
Crossref
Cheng-Chih HsuNicholas M. White, Marito Hayashi, Eugene C. LinTiffany Poon, Indroneal Banerjee, Ju Chen, Samuel L. Pfaff, Eduardo R. MacagnoPieter C. Dorrestein. (2013) Microscopy ambient ionization top-down mass spectrometry reveals developmental patterning. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 110:37, pages 14855-14860.
Crossref
Giuseppina Pichiri, Pierpaolo Coni, Sonia Nemolato, Tiziana Cabras, Mattia Umberto Fanari, Alice Sanna, Eliana Di Felice, Irene Messana, Massimo Castagnola & Gavino Faa. (2013) Cellular Trafficking of Thymosin Beta-4 in HEPG2 Cells Following Serum Starvation. PLoS ONE 8:8, pages e67999.
Crossref
Min Wei, Dongmei Duan, Yujie Liu, Zhigang Wang & Zhongli Li. (2013) Increased thymosin β4 levels in the serum and SF of knee osteoarthritis patients correlate with disease severity. Regulatory Peptides 185, pages 34-36.
Crossref
Tsuyoshi Morita & Ken’ichiro Hayashi. (2013) G-actin sequestering protein thymosin-β4 regulates the activity of myocardin-related transcription factor. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 437:3, pages 331-335.
Crossref
Michael W. MorrisJr.Jr. & Kenneth W. Liechty. (2013) Cardiac Progenitor Cells in Myocardial Infarction Wound Healing: A Critical Review. Advances in Wound Care 2:6, pages 317-326.
Crossref
David C. Gajzer, Jerome Balbin & Hina W. Chaudhry. (2012) Thymosin β4 and Cardiac Regeneration: Are We Missing a Beat?. Stem Cell Reviews and Reports 9:3, pages 303-312.
Crossref
Nicola Smart, Karina N. Dub?Paul R. Riley. (2013) Epicardial progenitor cells in cardiac regeneration and neovascularisation. Vascular Pharmacology 58:3, pages 164-173.
Crossref
Manoranjan Santra, Michael Chopp, Zheng Gang Zhang, Mei Lu, Sutapa Santra, Ankita Nalani, Soumi Santra & Daniel C. Morris. (2012) Thymosin beta 4 mediates oligodendrocyte differentiation by upregulating p38 MAPK. Glia 60:12, pages 1826-1838.
Crossref
Mélanie Lagarrigue, Theodore Alexandrov, Gabriel Dieuset, Aline Perrin, Régis Lavigne, Stéphanie Baulac, Herbert Thiele, Benoit Martin & Charles Pineau. (2012) New Analysis Workflow for MALDI Imaging Mass Spectrometry: Application to the Discovery and Identification of Potential Markers of Childhood Absence Epilepsy. Journal of Proteome Research 11:11, pages 5453-5463.
Crossref
Sudhiranjan Gupta, Sandeep Kumar, Nikolai Sopko, Yilu Qin, Chuanyu Wei & Il-Kwon Kim. (2012) Thymosin ?4 and cardiac protection: implication in inflammation and fibrosis. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1269:1, pages 84-91.
Crossref
Christoffer Stark, Pekka Taimen, Miikka Tarkia, Jussi Pärkkä, Antti Saraste, Tero-Pekka Alastalo, Timo Savunen & Juha Koskenvuo. (2012) Therapeutic potential of thymosin β4 in myocardial infarct and heart failure. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1269:1, pages 117-124.
Crossref
Gavino Faa, Sonia Nemolato, Tiziana Cabras, Daniela Fanni, Clara Gerosa, Mattia Fanari, Annalisa Locci, Vassilios Fanos, Irene Messana & Massimo Castagnola. (2012) Thymosin β4 expression reveals intriguing similarities between fetal and cancer cells. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1269:1, pages 53-60.
Crossref
Mahnaz Badamchian, Ali A. Damavandy & Allan L. Goldstein. (2012) Development of an analytical HPLC methodology to study the effects of thymosin ?4 on actin in sputum of cystic fibrosis patients. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1270:1, pages 86-92.
Crossref
Christine App, Jana Knop, Hans Georg Mannherz & Ewald Hannappel. (2012) Identification of interaction partners of β-thymosins: application of thymosin β4 labeled by transglutaminase. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1270:1, pages 98-104.
Crossref
Ran Song, Hyun Mi Choi, Hyung-In Yang, Myung Chul Yoo, Yong-Beom Park & Kyoung Soo Kim. (2012) Association between serum thymosin ?4 levels of rheumatoid arthritis patients and disease activity and response to therapy. Clinical Rheumatology 31:8, pages 1253-1258.
Crossref

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.