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Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics Volume 11, 2011 - Issue 4
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Review

Schizophrenia as a disorder of too little dopamine: implications for symptoms and treatment

Gary Remington University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Schizophrenia Program, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1R8, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;[email protected]
,
Ofer Agid University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Schizophrenia Program, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1R8, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Schizophrenia Program, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1R8, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
&
George Foussias University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Schizophrenia Program, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1R8, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Schizophrenia Program, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1R8, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Pages 589-607 | Published online: 09 Jan 2014

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Kristina Tomra Nielsen, Ulla Andersen, Eva Ejlersen Wæhrens & Cecilie von Bülow. (2023) Quality of ADL task performance in persons with schizophrenia: Looking beyond independence. Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy 30:6, pages 873-882.
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Kaiming Zhuo, Yingying Tang, Zhenhua Song, Yingchan Wang, Junjie Wang, Zhenying Qian, Hui Li, Qiong Xiang, Tianyi Chen, Zhilei Yang, Yifeng Xu, Xiaoduo Fan, Jijun Wang & Dengtang Liu. (2019) Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation as an adjunctive treatment for negative symptoms and cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia: a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment 15, pages 1141-1150.
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Cindy L Hovington & Martin Lepage. (2012) Neurocognition and neuroimaging of persistent negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics 12:1, pages 53-69.
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Articles from other publishers (24)

Saskia M. Cooper, Paolo Fusar-Poli & Peter J. Uhlhaas. (2023) Characteristics and clinical correlates of risk symptoms in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Schizophrenia Research 254, pages 54-61.
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Sirajo U. Mujittapha, Murtala Kauthar, Ishola O. Azeez & John C. Oyem. (2021) Ascorbic acid improves extrapyramidal syndromes and corpus striatal degeneration induced by dopamine-2 receptor inhibition in Wistar rats. Drug Metabolism and Drug Interactions 36:1, pages 47-52.
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Roxana M. Castillo, Estrella Ramos & Ana Martínez. (2020) Interaction of graphene with antipsychotic drugs: Is there any charge transfer process?. Journal of Computational Chemistry 42:1, pages 60-65.
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Areoo Samaei, Kamyar Moradi, Sayna Bagheri, Amir Ashraf-Ganjouei, Rosa Alikhani, Seiedeh Bentolhoda Mousavi, Farzin Rezaei & Shahin Akhondzadeh. (2020) Resveratrol Adjunct Therapy for Negative Symptoms in Patients With Stable Schizophrenia: A Double-Blind, Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 23:12, pages 775-782.
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Valerie J. Sydnor & David R. Roalf. (2020) A meta-analysis of ultra-high field glutamate, glutamine, GABA and glutathione 1HMRS in psychosis: Implications for studies of psychosis risk. Schizophrenia Research 226, pages 61-69.
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Sirajo U. Mujittapha, Murtala Kauthar, Ishola O. Azeez & John C. Oyem. (2020) Ascorbic acid improves extrapyramidal syndromes and corpus striatal degeneration induced by dopamine-2 receptor inhibition in Wistar rats. Drug Metabolism and Personalized Therapy 0:0.
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Ali Talaei, Tahereh Farkhondeh & Fatemeh Forouzanfar. (2020) Fibroblast Growth Factor: Promising Target for Schizophrenia. Current Drug Targets 21:13, pages 1344-1353.
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Szabolcs Szatmári, András Ajtay, Ferenc Oberfrank, Balázs Dobi & Dániel Bereczki. (2020) The prevalence of psychiatric symptoms before the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease in a nationwide cohort: A comparison to patients with cerebral infarction. PLOS ONE 15:8, pages e0236728.
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Victoria Menne & Rose Chesworth. (2020) Schizophrenia and drug addiction comorbidity: recent advances in our understanding of behavioural susceptibility and neural mechanisms. Neuroanatomy and Behaviour 2, pages e10.
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Takeshi Enomoto, Ayaka Tatara, Masao Goda, Yohei Nishizato, Kantaro Nishigori, Atsushi Kitamura, Mami Kamada, Shiori Taga, Takashi Hashimoto, Kazuhito Ikeda & Yuki Fujii. (2019) A Novel Phosphodiesterase 1 Inhibitor DSR-141562 Exhibits Efficacies in Animal Models for Positive, Negative, and Cognitive Symptoms Associated with Schizophrenia. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 371:3, pages 692-702.
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Xudong Cao, Yifang Zhang, Yin Chen, Yinli Qiu, Minquan Yu, Xiangqing Xu, Xin Liu, Bi-Feng Liu, Liangren Zhang & Guisen Zhang. (2018) Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Fused Tricyclic Heterocycle Piperazine (Piperidine) Derivatives As Potential Multireceptor Atypical Antipsychotics. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 61:22, pages 10017-10039.
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D R Roalf, R P R Nanga, P E Rupert, H Hariharan, M Quarmley, M E Calkins, E Dress, K Prabhakaran, M A Elliott, P J Moberg, R C Gur, R E Gur, R Reddy & B I Turetsky. (2017) Glutamate imaging (GluCEST) reveals lower brain GluCEST contrast in patients on the psychosis spectrum. Molecular Psychiatry 22:9, pages 1298-1305.
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Matthew W. Rice, Rosalinda C. Roberts, Miguel Melendez-Ferro & Emma Perez-Costas. (2014) Mapping dopaminergic deficiencies in the substantia nigra/ventral tegmental area in schizophrenia. Brain Structure and Function 221:1, pages 185-201.
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Andreas Bruns, Thomas Mueggler, Basil Künnecke, Céline Risterucci, Eric P. Prinssen, Joseph G. Wettstein & Markus von Kienlin. (2015) “Domain gauges”: A reference system for multivariate profiling of brain fMRI activation patterns induced by psychoactive drugs in rats. NeuroImage 112, pages 70-85.
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R. Bordet. (2015) Quels critères pour un traitement antipsychotique idéal ?. L'Encéphale 41:1, pages 39-46.
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Felice Iasevoli, Elisabetta F. Buonaguro, Chiara Sarappa, Federica Marmo, Gianmarco Latte, Rodolfo Rossi, Anna Eramo, Carmine Tomasetti & Andrea de Bartolomeis. (2014) Regulation of postsynaptic plasticity genes' expression and topography by sustained dopamine perturbation and modulation by acute memantine: Relevance to schizophrenia. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 54, pages 299-314.
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Mark J. Millan, Kevin Fone, Thomas Steckler & William P. Horan. (2014) Negative symptoms of schizophrenia: Clinical characteristics, pathophysiological substrates, experimental models and prospects for improved treatment. European Neuropsychopharmacology 24:5, pages 645-692.
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Peng Li, Qiang Zhang, Albert J. Robichaud, Taekyu Lee, John Tomesch, Wei Yao, J. David Beard, Gretchen L. Snyder, Hongwen Zhu, Youyi Peng, Joseph P. Hendrick, Kimberly E. Vanover, Robert E. Davis, Sharon Mates & Lawrence P. Wennogle. (2014) Discovery of a Tetracyclic Quinoxaline Derivative as a Potent and Orally Active Multifunctional Drug Candidate for the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric and Neurological Disorders. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 57:6, pages 2670-2682.
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Chuan Shi, Xin Yu, Eric F.C. Cheung, David H.K. Shum & Raymond C.K. Chan. (2014) Revisiting the therapeutic effect of rTMS on negative symptoms in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis. Psychiatry Research 215:3, pages 505-513.
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Jan Brosda, Florian Jantschak & Heinz H. Pertz. (2014) α2-Adrenoceptors are targets for antipsychotic drugs. Psychopharmacology 231:5, pages 801-812.
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Michael J. Minzenberg, Glenn C. Gomes, Jong H. Yoon, Tamara Y. Swaab & Cameron S. Carter. (2014) Disrupted action monitoring in recent-onset psychosis patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging 221:1, pages 114-121.
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D. R. Roalf, R. C. Gur, L. Almasy, J. Richard, R. S. Gallagher, K. Prasad, J. Wood, M. F. Pogue-Geile, V. L. Nimgaonkar & R. E. Gur. (2012) Neurocognitive Performance Stability in a Multiplex Multigenerational Study of Schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin 39:5, pages 1008-1017.
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Cindy L Hovington, Michael Bodnar, Ridha Joober, Ashok K Malla & Martin Lepage. (2012) Identifying persistent negative symptoms in first episode psychosis. BMC Psychiatry 12:1.
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Valerie H Taylor, Roger S McIntyre, Gary Remington, Robert D Levitan, Brian Stonehocker & Arya M Sharma. (2012) Beyond Pharmacotherapy: Understanding the Links between Obesity and Chronic Mental Illness. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 57:1, pages 5-12.
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