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Original Article

Kinetics of Photobleaching of β-Carotene in Chloroform and Formation of Transient Carotenoid Species Absorbing in the Near Infrared

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Pages 355-368 | Received 13 Feb 1996, Published online: 07 Jul 2009

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Liang Hong, Chuan-Li Zhou, Feng-Ping Chen, Dan Han, Chun-Yuan Wang, Jia-Xin Li, Zhe Chi & Chen-Guang Liu. (2017) Development of a carboxymethyl chitosan functionalized nanoemulsion formulation for increasing aqueous solubility, stability and skin permeability of astaxanthin using low-energy method. Journal of Microencapsulation 34:8, pages 707-721.
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Fabiana F. De Moura, Alexander Miloff & Erick Boy. (2015) Retention of Provitamin A Carotenoids in Staple Crops Targeted for Biofortification in Africa: Cassava, Maize and Sweet Potato. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 55:9, pages 1246-1269.
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CaitlinS. Boon, D. Julian McClements, Jochen Weiss & EricA. Decker. (2010) Factors Influencing the Chemical Stability of Carotenoids in Foods. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 50:6, pages 515-532.
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Yu-Xi Tian, Rui-Min Han, Jian-Ping Zhang & Leif H. Skibsted. (2008) Effect of polar solvents on β-carotene radical precursor. Free Radical Research 42:3, pages 281-286.
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Alan Mortensen, Leif H. Skibsted, Amadeus Willnow & Steven A. Everett. (1998) Re-appraisal of the Tocopheroxyl Radical Reaction with β-Carotene: Evidence for Oxidation of Vitamin E by the β-Carotene Radical Cation. Free Radical Research 28:1, pages 69-80.
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Alan Mortensen & Leif H. Skibsted. (1997) Real Time Detection of Reactions Between Radicals of Lycopene and Tocopherol Homologues. Free Radical Research 27:2, pages 229-234.
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Alan Mortensen & Leif H. Skibsted. (1997) Free Radical Transients in Photobleaching of Xanthophylls and Carotenes. Free Radical Research 26:6, pages 549-563.
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Articles from other publishers (47)

Dong Heon Lee, Kang Sik Kwon, Duyun Jeong, In Ho Kim, Hee Soo Nam & Jong-Yea Kim. (2022) Structural and physicochemical properties of composites between starch nanoparticles and β-carotene prepared via nanoprecipitation. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 214, pages 100-110.
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Madhulekha Rakshit & P P Srivastav. 2022. Functional Foods. Functional Foods 443 475 .
M. Caleb Bagley & David C. Muddiman. (2021) Investigations of β‐carotene radical cation formation in infrared matrix‐assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (IR‐MALDESI). Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 35:16.
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Manat Chaijan, Kesinee Srirattanachot, Mudtorlep Nisoa, Ling-Zhi Cheong & Worawan Panpipat. (2021) Role of antioxidants on physicochemical properties and in vitro bioaccessibility of β-carotene loaded nanoemulsion under thermal and cold plasma discharge accelerated tests. Food Chemistry 339, pages 128157.
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Sana Aslam, Matloob Ahmad & Muhammad Riaz. 2021. Carotenoids: Structure and Function in the Human Body. Carotenoids: Structure and Function in the Human Body 251 315 .
J. K. Gurchiek, Justin B. Rose, Matthew J. Guberman-Pfeffer, Ryan W. Tilluck, Soumen Ghosh, José A. Gascón & Warren F. Beck. (2020) Fluorescence Anisotropy Detection of Barrier Crossing and Ultrafast Conformational Dynamics in the S 2 State of β-Carotene . The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 124:41, pages 9029-9046.
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Antonio Pérez-Gálvez, Isabel Viera & María Roca. (2020) Carotenoids and Chlorophylls as Antioxidants. Antioxidants 9:6, pages 505.
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Baomei Xu, Chengkun Liu, Haiyan Sun, Xiaoqiang Wang & Fang Huang. (2019) Highly Surface-Active Chaperonin Nanobarrels for Oil-in-Water Pickering Emulsions and Delivery of Lipophilic Compounds. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 67:36, pages 10155-10164.
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Ruth Edge & T. Truscott. (2018) Singlet Oxygen and Free Radical Reactions of Retinoids and Carotenoids—A Review. Antioxidants 7:1, pages 5.
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Zipei Zhang & David J. McClements. 2018. Nanoemulsions. Nanoemulsions 21 49 .
Yujing Sun, Huan Cheng, Yaqin Ma & Qianying Ye. 2017. Phytochemicals in Citrus. Phytochemicals in Citrus 211 236 .
Xiaojuan Liu, David Julian McClements, Yong Cao & Hang Xiao. (2016) Chemical and Physical Stability of Astaxanthin-Enriched Emulsion-Based Delivery Systems. Food Biophysics 11:3, pages 302-310.
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Yongguang Guan, Jine Wu & Qixin Zhong. (2016) Eugenol improves physical and chemical stabilities of nanoemulsions loaded with β-carotene. Food Chemistry 194, pages 787-796.
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Fritz Boehm, Ruth Edge, Terence George Truscott & Christian Witt. 2016. Carotenoids. Carotenoids 43 58 .
David McClements. 2015. Food Emulsions. Food Emulsions 289 382 .
Hong Cheng, Rui-Min Han, Ming-Kuan Lyu, Jian-Ping Zhang & Leif H. Skibsted. (2015) Regeneration of β-Carotene from the Radical Cation by Tyrosine and Tryptophan. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 119:22, pages 6603-6610.
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Qingxin Zhou, Jie Xu, Shu Yang, Yong Xue, Ting Zhang, Jingfeng Wang & Changhu Xue. (2015) The Effect of Various Antioxidants on the Degradation of O/W Microemulsions Containing Esterified Astaxanthins from <i>Haematococcus pluvialis</i>. Journal of Oleo Science 64:5, pages 515-525.
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Daniel T. Piorkowski & David Julian McClements. (2014) Beverage emulsions: Recent developments in formulation, production, and applications. Food Hydrocolloids 42, pages 5-41.
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Fardin Tamjidi, Mohammad Shahedi, Jaleh Varshosaz & Ali Nasirpour. (2014) EDTA and α‐tocopherol improve the chemical stability of astaxanthin loaded into nanostructured lipid carriers. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology 116:8, pages 968-977.
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Yuwei Liu, Zhanqun Hou, Jia Yang & Yanxiang Gao. (2014) Effects of antioxidants on the stability of β-Carotene in O/W emulsions stabilized by Gum Arabic. Journal of Food Science and Technology.
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Cheng Qian, Eric Andrew Decker, Hang Xiao & David Julian McClements. (2012) Inhibition of β-carotene degradation in oil-in-water nanoemulsions: Influence of oil-soluble and water-soluble antioxidants. Food Chemistry 135:3, pages 1036-1043.
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Rui-Min Han, Dan-Dan Li, Chang-Hui Chen, Ran Liang, Yu-Xi Tian, Jian-Ping Zhang & Leif H. Skibsted. (2011) Phenol Acidity and Ease of Oxidation in Isoflavonoid/β-Carotene Antioxidant Synergism. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 59:18, pages 10367-10372.
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Ricard Bou, Caitlin Boon, Asiamah Kweku, Diana Hidalgo & Eric A. Decker. (2011) Effect of different antioxidants on lycopene degradation in oil‐in‐water emulsions. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology 113:6, pages 724-729.
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Chang-Hui Chen, Rui-Min Han, Ran Liang, Li-Min Fu, Peng Wang, Xi-Cheng Ai, Jian-Ping Zhang & Leif H. Skibsted. (2011) Direct Observation of the β-Carotene Reaction with Hydroxyl Radical. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 115:9, pages 2082-2089.
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Sara N. Mendiara, R. P. Baquero, M. R. Katunar, A. Y. Mansilla & L. J. Perissinotti. (2009) Reaction of β-carotene with nitrite anion in a homogeneous acid system. An electron paramagnetic resonance and ultraviolet-visible study. Applied Magnetic Resonance 35:4, pages 549-567.
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Caitlin S. Boon, D. Julian McClements, Jochen Weiss & Eric A. Decker. (2009) Role of Iron and Hydroperoxides in the Degradation of Lycopene in Oil-in-Water Emulsions. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 57:7, pages 2993-2998.
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Ali El-Agamey & David J McGarvey. 2008. Carotenoids. Carotenoids 119 154 .
Rui-Min Han, Yu-Xi Tian, Yi-Shi Wu, Peng Wang, Xi-Cheng Ai, Jian-Ping Zhang & Leif H. Skibsted. (2006) Mechanism of Radical Cation Formation from the Excited States of Zeaxanthin and Astaxanthin in Chloroform. Photochemistry and Photobiology 82:2, pages 538.
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Ali El-AgameyDavid J. McGarvey. (2005) First Direct Observation of Reversible Oxygen Addition to a Carotenoid-Derived Carbon-Centered Neutral Radical. Organic Letters 7:18, pages 3957-3960.
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Ali El-Agamey, Gordon M. Lowe, David J. McGarvey, Alan Mortensen, Denise M. Phillip, T.George Truscott & Andrew J. Young. (2004) Carotenoid radical chemistry and antioxidant/pro-oxidant properties. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 430:1, pages 37-48.
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Rui-Min Han, Yi-Shi Wul, Juan Feng, Xi-Cheng Ai, Jian-Ping Zhang & Leif H. Skibsted. (2007) Radical Cation Generation from Singlet and Triplet Excited States of All-trans-Lycopene in Chloroform¶. Photochemistry and Photobiology 80:2, pages 326-333.
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Gordon Lowe, Andrew Young & Denise Phillip. 2004. Carotenoids in Health and Disease. Carotenoids in Health and Disease 105 126 .
Ali El-Agamey, Ann Cantrell, Edward J. Land, David J. McGarvey & T. George Truscott. (2004) Are dietary carotenoids beneficial? Reactions of carotenoids with oxy-radicals and singlet oxygen. Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences 3:8, pages 802-811.
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Rui-Min Han, Yi-Shi Wu, Juan Feng, Xi-Cheng Ai, Jian-Ping Zhang & Leif H. Skibsted. (2004) Radical Cation Generation from Singlet and Triplet Excited States of All-trans-Lycopene in Chloroform¶. Photochemistry and Photobiology 80:2, pages 326.
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Ruth Edge & T. George Truscott. 2004. The Photochemistry of Carotenoids. The Photochemistry of Carotenoids 223 234 .
Ali El-Agamey & David J McGarvey. (2003) Evidence for a Lack of Reactivity of Carotenoid Addition Radicals towards Oxygen:  A Laser Flash Photolysis Study of the Reactions of Carotenoids with Acylperoxyl Radicals in Polar and Non-polar Solvents. Journal of the American Chemical Society 125:11, pages 3330-3340.
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Jian-Ping Zhang, Ritsuko Fujii, Yasushi Koyama, Ferdy S. Rondonuwu, Yasutaka Watanabe, Alan Mortensen & Leif H. Skibsted. (2001) The 1Bu-type singlet state of β-carotene as a precursor of the radical cation found in chloroform solution by sub-picosecond time-resolved absorption spectroscopy. Chemical Physics Letters 348:3-4, pages 235-241.
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Frederik van Kuijk, Werner Siems & Olaf Sommerburg. 2001. Handbook of Antioxidants. Handbook of Antioxidants.
Jian-Ping Zhang, Leif H. Skibsted, Ritsuko Fujii & Yasushi Koyama. (2007) Transient Absorption from the 1Bu+ State of All-trans-β-carotene Newly Identified in the Near-infrared Region¶. Photochemistry and Photobiology 73:3, pages 219-222.
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A. Mortensen, L.H. Skibsted & T.G. Truscott. (2001) The Interaction of Dietary Carotenoids with Radical Species. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 385:1, pages 13-19.
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Ritsuko Fujii, Yasushi Koyama, Alan Mortensen & Leif H. Skibsted. (2000) Generation of the radical cation of β-carotene in chloroform via the triplet state as revealed by time-resolved absorption spectroscopy. Chemical Physics Letters 326:1-2, pages 33-38.
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Alan Mortensen & Leif H. Skibsted. 1999. Oxidants and Antioxidants Part A. Oxidants and Antioxidants Part A 408 421 .
Werner G. Siems, Olaf Sommerburg & Frederik J.G.M. Van Kuijk. (1999) Lycopene and β-carotene decompose more rapidly than lutein and zeaxanthin upon exposure to various pro-oxidants in vitro . BioFactors 10:2-3, pages 105-113.
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R. Edge, D.J. McGarvey & T.G. Truscott. (1997) The carotenoids as anti-oxidants — a review. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 41:3, pages 189-200.
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Alan Mortensen, Leif H. Skibsted, Julia Sampson, Catherine Rice-Evans & Steven A. Everett. (1997) Comparative mechanisms and rates of free radical scavenging by carotenoid antioxidants. FEBS Letters 418:1-2, pages 91-97.
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Alan Mortensen & Leif H Skibsted. (1997) Relative stability of carotenoid radical cations and homologue tocopheroxyl radicals. A real time kinetic study of antioxidant hierarchy. FEBS Letters 417:3, pages 261-266.
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Ruth Edge & T.George Truscott. (1997) Prooxidant and antioxidant reaction mechanisms of carotene and radical interactions with vitamins E and C. Nutrition 13:11-12, pages 992-994.
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