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Xenobiotica
the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems
Volume 52, 2022 - Issue 1
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Animal Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism

Sex differences in the pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of Macleaya cordata extracts in rats

, , , , , , , , , & show all
Pages 46-53 | Received 03 Jan 2022, Accepted 26 Feb 2022, Published online: 07 Mar 2022
 

Abstract

  1. Macleaya cordata extracts (MCE) are listed as feed additives in animal production by the European Food Authority. The core components of MCE are mainly sanguinarine (SA) and chelerythrine (CHE). This study aims to investigate sex differences in the pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of MCE in rats.

  2. Male and female rates were intragastrically administered MCE (1.25 mg·kg−1 body weight and 12.5 mg·kg−1 body weight dose for 28 days). SA and CHE concentrations were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.

  3. The peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the curve (AUC) of both CHE and SA were higher in female than in male rats (12.5 mg·kg−1 body weight group), whereas their half-life (T1/2) and apparent volume of distribution (Vd) was lower (p < 0.05). Tissue rfesidue analysis indicated that SA and CHE were more distributed in male than in female rats and were highly distributed in the caecum and liver. SA and CHE were completely eliminated from the liver, kidney, lung, heart, spleen, leg muscle, and caecum after 120 h, indicating they did not accumulate in rats for a long time.

  4. Overall, we found that the pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of SA and CHE of male and female rats showed sex differences.

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Editage (www.editage.cn) for English language editing.

Disclosure statement

The authors report no declarations of interest.

Additional information

Funding

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant No. 31402255].

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