‘Profitable for the country’. An Australian historical perspective of the contested purpose of public universities

ABSTRACT

This article analyses the social contract formulated between state and university, in the period 1850–1930. Using contemporary records – for example, legislation, parliamentary debates, university acts, newspaper articles, senate and professorial board minutes, and similar – this article examines how Australia’s early scholarly community contested and negotiated what it believed to be the purpose of higher education, with a sometimes-conflicting view held by the state. The analysis indicates that, from the outset, certain paradoxes have inscribed into these foundational negotiations. Conflicting narratives of opportunity and privilege positioned universities, simultaneously, as agents for social inclusion and maintainers of social privilege. The purpose of knowledge as either/both pure and practical has been another point of contestation. Consequently, universities vacillate between acts of social conservatism and progressivism. These tensions remain apparent in the modern purpose of higher education institutions.

KEYWORDS:

• Higher education policy
• inclusive higher education
• university purpose

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.

ORCID

Tim Pitman http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4237-2203

Notes

1 The letter was signed ‘C. MELBOURNE’, however the author was identified as the Archbishop of Melbourne in Selleck (2003).