Superficial CD34-Positive Fibroblastic Tumor on the Chest Wall of an 8-Year-Old Girl: A Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

This study reports a case of superficial CD34-positive fibroblastic tumor (SCPFT) in a child and analyze the major known clinicopathological features of SCPFT and other skin mesenchymal tumors, contributing to an accurate diagnosis of this rare disease. We summarize the clinicopathologic features of an 8-year-old girl who was diagnosed with SCPFT and 46 previously reported SCPFT cases. Post-operative histopathologic examination of the current case showed the tumor lesion was well-circumscribed; tumor cells were spindled-to-polygonal with a fascicular pattern; most nuclei displayed hyperchromasia and low mitotic rate; intranuclear pseudoinclusions could be found; and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and partial myxoid stroma were observed. Immunohistochemistry revealed strong and diffuse CD34-positivity, vimentin staining positively but no S-100, SMA, NSE, CD31, desmin, cytokeratin, STAT6, β-catenin, MDM2, or ERG expression. The Ki-67 and CD68 labeling indexes were approximately 1%. There were no rearrangements of PDGFB or PRDM10 tested by FISH. After surgical resection, the patient had no signs of recurrence or metastasis at a 6-month follow-up. The present case is the first that describes SCPFT in children and has significant clinical implications. SCPFT should be differentiated from other skin mesenchymal tumors. The presented compilation of all so far published SCPFT cases will help in diagnosing successfully SCPFT and increasing awareness of this tumor to guide clinical practice.

Keywords:

• CD34
• immunohistochemistry
• skin tumors
• soft tissue pathology
• superficial CD34-positive fibroblastic tumor (SCPFT)

Acknowledgments

We thank Larry Wang, PhD, from the Department of Pathology, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, for his critical review of the manuscript.

Author contributions

Li SY, Zhang HL and Bai YZ participated in the treatment of the patient; Li SY and Bai YZ were involved with the concept, design and writing of this manuscript; Bai YZ and Zhang HL revised the manuscript.

Consent for publication

Written informed consent was obtained from the patient and her parents for publication of this case report.

Disclosure statement

None of the authors have any conflicts of interest to report.

Ethics approval

The study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Shengjing hospital of China Medical University.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 81770511) and Liao Ning Reviftalization Talents Program (grant number XLYC1908008).