Prevalence and risk factors of type II diabetes mellitus among people living with HIV in Texas

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among people living with HIV (PLWH). Cross-sectional data of 989 PLWH in Texas obtained from the 2015–2017 Texas and Houston Medical Monitoring Project were examined. T2DM was identified by formal medical chart diagnosis, insulin/oral hypoglycemic prescriptions, or most recent fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dL. T2DM adjusted prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multiple logistic regression. Participants were mostly male (72%), ≥40 years (68%), overweight (31%) or obese (28%) and virally suppressed (62%). T2DM prevalence was 15% with variations by age, body mass index, education and health insurance (p < 0.05 for all). Compared to PLWH ≥60 years, 18–39-year-olds had significantly lower likelihood of T2DM (p < 0.001). Overweight and obese PLWH were 2.11 (95% CI: 1.23–3.63) and 3.89 times (95% CI: 2.30–6.56) more likely to have T2DM compared to normal weight PLWH. Over 1 in 6 PLWH in Texas had T2DM, with age and BMI as significant predictors. Since DM is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and PLWH are living longer, increased education and lifestyle modification interventions are warranted to prevent T2DM development among PLWH.

KEYWORDS:

• HIV
• type II diabetes
• Medical Monitoring Project
• Texas
• USA

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

The Medical Monitoring Project for the data collection cycles used in the current study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) under the Cooperative agreement number PS15-1503.