An overview of nanotechnology-based treatment approaches against Helicobacter Pylori

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Helicobacter Pylori (H.Pylori) is a pathogen that infects about 50% of the world’s population and is known to be responsible for gastroduodenal diseases such as atrophic gastritis, peptic ulcer and stomach cancer. Nowadays, there is no treatment that ensures complete eradication. In addition, resistance to antibiotics used in the current treatment adversely affects the success rates in the fight against infection.

Areas covered: This article take attention to treatment approaches using nanoparticles as an alternative to H.Pylori treatment to cope with increased antibiotic resistance. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the current limitations and new promising altenatives in treatment of H.Pylori, to highlight the location of nanotechnology to overcome treatment failures, and to emphasize the advantages of using membrane-coated nanoparticles for the first time.

Expert opinion: Because of the current problems in the treatment of H.Pylori, there is increasing interest in alternative approaches including nanotechnology. The strong antibacterial effects of metallic nanoparticles, the advantages of polymeric nanoparticles in drug delivery and drug protection, and the prominent properties of membrane-coated nanoparticles in direct targeting demonstrate the significance of nanotechnology in developing new approaches for treatment of H.Pylori infection.

KEYWORDS:

• Helicobacter Pylori
• treatment
• nanoparticles
• drug delivery
• cell membrane
• coating

Article highlights

• Despite the ongoing efforts to eradicate Helicobacter Pylori, there is no effective therapy application that gives rise to completely eradication of the disease.

• In order to overcome the limitations such as antibiotic resistance in the treatment and increase the bioavailabilities of the drugs, new therapeutic applications have been used especially in the field of nanotechnology.

• Metallic nanoparticles can prevent the formation of biofilms and cause membrane damage with the released metal ions. also lead to bacterial protein and DNA damage via the production of reactive oxygen species.

• Polymeric nanoparticles with biocompatible and biodegradable features ensure an alternative in therapy by providing the transport, long duration and sustained release of therapeutic chemicals such as drugs.

• Membrane-coated nanoparticles have been recently used for active targeting of the microorganism and deliver encapsulated therapeutic components to the site where H.Pylori is colonized.

• It is predicted that nanotechnology-based approaches can decrease the drawbacks of conventional antibiotics while increasing their bioavaliabilities and be used in clinical treatment of H.pylori in near future.

Declaration of interest

The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

Reviewer disclosures

Peer reviewers on this manuscript have no relevant financial or other relationships to disclose.

Additional information

Funding

This paper was not funded.