Numerical modeling of trench adjacent to a shallow foundation for mitigating reverse fault rupture effects

Abstract

This study investigates the effectiveness of a vertical trench in mitigating the hazards associated with reverse faulting on shallow foundations and assesses the accuracy of analytical relations for estimating the required trench depth through numerical analyses. Results show that a trench near a foundation diverts the fault rupture away from the building. Increasing the trench depth and width, positioning it closer to the foundation, and increasing the structure weight significantly increase the fault rupture diversion probability, reducing foundation damage level. Moving the foundation towards the hanging wall decreases rupture diversion probability. Trenches are more effective at smaller fault-dip angles. Narrower foundations with deeper alluvium require shallower trenches to minimize foundation damage. Existing analytical relations estimate trench depth with reasonable accuracy to divert fault rupture and minimize structural damage.

Keywords:

• Reverse fault
• shallow foundation
• mitigation strategies
• vertical trench
• numerical modeling

Author contributions

Armin Shidloon: Methodology, Validation, Investigation, Data curation, Visualization. Mehdi Ashtiani: Conceptualization, Methodology, Data curation, Writing - Review & Editing, Supervision, Project administration. Abbas Ghalandarzadeh: Conceptualization, Supervision.

Data availability

Data related to this research can be made available on written request to the authors.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by Babol Noshirvani University of Technology under grant No. BNUT/395032/00.