Ternary Nanocomposite Potentiates The Lysophosphatidic Acid Effect on Human Osteoblast (MG63) Maturation

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the potential of ternary nanocomposite (TNC) to support MG63 osteoblast maturation to EB1089-(3S)1-fluoro-3-hydroxy-4-(oleoyloxy)butyl-1-phosphonate (FHBP) cotreatment. Materials & methods: Binary (P25/reduced graphene oxide [rGO]) nanocomposite was prepared, and silver (Ag) nanoparticles were loaded onto the surface to form TNC (P25/rGO/Ag). The influence of TNC on proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity and osteogenic gene expression was evaluated in a model of osteoblast maturation wherein MG63 were costimulated with EB1089 and FHBP. Results: TNC had no cytotoxic effect on MG63. The addition of TNC to EB1089-FHBP cotreatment enhanced the maturation of MG63, as supported by the greater alkaline phosphatase activity and OPN and OCN gene expression. Conclusion: TNC could serve as a promising carrier for FHBP, opening up possibilities for its application in bone regeneration.

Plain language summary

Nanoparticles (NPs) are often used in medicine because they have certain benefits over traditional drugs, such as increased delivery. Multiple NPs can be combined into hybrid NPs called nanocomplexes, which can have many positive effects. One application of nanomedicine is to encourage the repair of certain body tissues such as bones. Encouraging stem cells to differentiate into bone cells and immature bone cells to mature is key in this process. This study made a ternary nanocomplex (TNC), meaning it was comprised of three NPs. This TNC was designed to deliver a drug called (3S)1-fluoro-3-hydroxy-4-(oleoyloxy)butyl-1-phosphonate (FHBP), which has been shown to encourage the maturation and development of osteoblasts, a type of bone cell. The TNC was made up of silver NPs, which can kill bacteria; reduced graphene oxide, which enhances the production of bone cells; and titanium dioxide, which has shown effectiveness in wound healing and mixed results in bone tissue regeneration. This TNC was tested on a cell line that comes from a type of bone cancer called MG63. The TNC was found to not be toxic to these cells. TNC incorporation into FHBP treatment enhanced the maturation of MG63. This suggests that these TNCs could be an effective treatment to encourage bone repair following joint replacement surgeries.

Graphical abstract

Keywords::

• bone regeneration
• drug delivery
• osteoblast maturation
• reduced graphene
• titanium dioxide nanoparticles

Supplementary data

To view the supplementary data that accompany this paper please visit the journal website at: www.tandfonline.com/doi/suppl/10.2217/nnm-2023-0117

Financial disclosure

H Elkhenany would like to acknowledge the British Academy of Medical Sciences for the financial support of her visit to the Department of Applied Sciences, the University of the West of England (Bristol, UK), through a Daniel Turnberg Travel Fellowship. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

Competing interests disclosure

The authors have no competing interests or relevant affiliations with any organization or entity with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending or royalties.

Writing disclosure

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.

Additional information

Funding

H Elkhenany would like to acknowledge the British Academy of Medical Sciences for the financial support of her visit to the Department of Applied Sciences, the University of the West of England (Bristol, UK), through a Daniel Turnberg Travel Fellowship. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.