The geology, geochronology and affiliation of the Glenroy Complex and adjacent plutonic rocks, southeast Nelson

Figures & data

Figure 1. A, Geological map of the Glenroy area, compiled from new field-mapping, Cutten (1987), Campbell (1992) and Rattenbury et al. (2006). Topographic data sourced from the Land Information New Zealand (LINZ) Data Service, and licensed for re-use under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand licence. Map coordinates refer to NZTopo50 map series. B, Schematic cross-section through the Matakitaki foreland thrust system illustrating the geometry of contacts between the fault-bound blocks (after Cutten 1987; Campbell 1992).

Figure 2. Plane-polarised light photomicrographs of (A, B) Woodham Orthogneiss hornblende-biotite monzodioritic orthogneiss and (C, D) McKnee Intrusives quartz monzodiorite (OU82005). A, Partial replacement of clinopyroxene and orthopyroxene by hornblende, biotite and quartz (OU81943). B, Incomplete replacement of ilmenite by titanite. Note the green-blue rims and green-brown cores of the hornblende (OU81910). C, Partial magmatic replacement of clinopyroxene by hornblende, which has in turn been partially altered to biotite. D, Textural evidence for sub-solidus replacement of biotite by muscovite, chlorite and epidote. Mineral abbreviations follow Whitney & Evans (2010).

Table 1. Summary of the U–Pb zircon ages, suite affinity and whole-rock major- and trace-element data for representative samples of the Glenroy Complex, McKnee Intrusives and Mt Cann Pluton. Mineral abbreviations follow Whitney & Evans (2010).

Sample #	OU81949	OU82812	P51298*	OU82033	OU81937	OU81921	OU82020	OU82011	OU81957	OU82005	OU81925	OU82035
Easting	1548801	1550771	1546832	1548996	1546365	1545637	1548937	1548426	1548846	1546442	1546244	1544931
Northing	5343572	5342489	5343321	5337507	5343639	5342981	5337876	5337255	5338830	5346554	5346603	5333474
Lith.	2-px–hbl monzodioritic	Hbl–bt monzodioritic			Bt granitic	Qzfsp	Micaceous	Hornblende	Granitic	Hbl–bt qz monzodiorite	Hbl–bt qz monzodiorite	Bt–ep qz monzodiorite
Unit	Woodham Orthogneiss					Davis Creek Paragneiss				McKnee Intrusives		Mt Cann Pluton
Suite	Separation Point (WFO sub-group)									Darran		Separation Point
Age (Ma)	126.6 ± 1.3		122.96 ± 0.35		121.8 ± 1.1					137.8 ± 0.7	225.0 ± 2.7	113.8 ± 1.0
Major elements (wt%)
SiO2	57.81	55.10	59.58	65.61	76.47	77.92	48.35	51.30	72.00	61.45	62.25	65.88
TiO2	1.21	0.97	0.98	0.93	0.31	0.16	1.39	1.28	0.24	0.99	0.74	0.43
Al2O3	18.58	20.10	16.82	14.58	11.91	12.06	22.29	16.77	14.65	16.31	17.57	18.34
Fe2O3^t	6.13	6.17	6.02	7.12	1.69	1.30	11.61	9.98	2.25	6.98	5.11	3.07
MnO	0.08	0.08	0.09	0.13	0.02	0.02	0.16	0.15	0.53	0.11	0.09	0.05
MgO	1.97	2.17	2.98	0.94	0.56	0.00	3.77	6.59	2.08	2.69	1.91	1.02
CaO	5.04	6.89	4.77	2.60	1.34	0.43	1.98	7.82	4.06	4.76	4.56	3.40
Na2O	4.26	5.14	4.51	4.33	2.26	3.03	3.26	3.48	3.29	3.72	5.00	5.57
K2O	3.81	2.08	2.91	3.11	3.54	4.87	5.81	1.68	0.07	2.72	1.20	2.44
P2O5	0.42	0.36	0.31	0.25	0.03	0.01	0.08	0.39	0.76	0.24	0.21	0.20
LOl	0.24	0.73	0.79	0.73	0.41	0.18	1.94	1.09	2.50	1.12	1.07	0.51
Total	99.55	99.79	99.76	100.33	98.54	99.98	100.64	100.53	102.43	101.09	99.71	100.91
Trace elements (ppm)
Sc	10.7	2.20		8.82	1.63	2.03	26.5	19.3	1.20	13.4	8.09	2.81
V	112	127	114	33.9	18.2	6.79	251	226	22.0	132	111	44.3
Cr	28.8	10.0	48.0	23.6	15.6	13.4	200	187	1.00	37.6	30.6	20.8
Ni	17.2	12.6	29.0	10.2	7.43	8.73	89.2	84.0	3.40	19.0	16.9	9.45
Cu	51.2	125	37.0	31.2	21.4	4.66	67.1	79.7	0.80	135.7	10.9	17.7
Zn	52.9	66.0	86.0	178	31.8	36.7	126	122	29.0	65.6	46.2	65.5
Ga	23.1	26.3	22.0	38.6	16.9	30.1	44.6	30.9	15.7	26.3	21.8	32.3
Rb	173	77.4	82.0	31.3	105	249	180	61.7	63.3	83.1	32.5	47.9
Sr	855	1150	1021	205	222	52.7	310	967	329	396	776	1098
Y	19.2	18.2	16.0	54.4	1.33	17.9	47.9	19.9	5.70	15.2	11.4	4.12
Zr	378	143	256	727	242	164	240	132	126	181	186	127
Nb	14.9	8.30	8.00	24.9	5.00	6.98	17.0	5.27	3.50	4.43	4.91	3.81
Cs	4.06	2.01		0.49	1.14	0.24	3.34	2.30	1.78	5.19	1.82	1.07
Ba	841	657	686	524	728	177	1334	573	2120	525	471	946
La	37.0	31.4	31.0	69.9	8.54	19.9	67.2	15.4	39.8	16.2	25.9	14.8
Ce	82.4	63.7	70.5	169	21.8	49.0	141	39.2	68.0	36.8	48.1	37.5
Pr	9.83	7.34	8.49	18.5	1.61	5.09	15.7	4.98	6.38	4.09	5.21	3.91
Nd	33.1	27.1	30.9	80.5	4.54	16.3	67.3	24.7	19.1	19.8	16.4	15.6
Sm	6.11	5.04	6.18	16.3	0.66	3.72	11.4	5.41	2.45	4.08	3.03	2.43
Eu	2.04	1.61	1.57	2.04	0.80	0.58	1.61	1.40	1.05	0.82	1.32	0.70
Gd	5.10	4.22	4.68	13.6	0.32	3.40	8.80	3.71	1.72	2.67	2.76	1.49
Tb	0.78	0.64	0.70	1.88	0.04	0.65	1.25	0.57	0.22	0.46	0.39	0.18
Dy	3.76	3.23	3.46	13.6	0.24	3.22	9.36	3.91	0.98	3.26	1.97	1.14
Ho	0.86	0.67	0.70	2.22	0.06	0.81	1.69	0.70	0.19	0.60	0.53	0.16
Er	1.82	1.65	1.83	6.73	0.30	1.75	5.59	2.04	0.51	1.93	1.04	0.49
Tm	0.36	0.25	0.27	0.86	0.07	0.33	0.72	0.33	0.07	0.28	0.26	0.10
Yb	1.87	1.32	1.69	6.94	0.32	1.63	5.27	2.49	0.50	2.07	1.28	0.34
Lu	0.26	0.21	0.24	0.84	0.07	0.26	0.69	0.30	0.08	0.25	0.18	0.07
Hf	7.68	3.90	7.00	16.6	6.94	4.87	7.10	3.29	3.60	5.63	4.15	3.09
Ta	0.86	0.50	0.50	1.01	0.11	0.18	0.91	0.27	0.10	0.24	0.34	0.18
Pb	20.3	1.50	19.0	25.4	30.1	35.3	14.9	13.0	2.30	31.3	12.3	20.4
Th	6.08	3.83	4.60	6.19	13.7	4.33	25.0	0.53	7.90	7.08	5.79	1.85
U	2.21	1.28	<2.0	1.00	1.94	1.20	1.43	0.56	0.57	2.33	2.02	1.07
Sr/Y	44.5	63.2	63.8	3.77	167	2.93	6.46	48.6	57.7	26.1	68.3	266
LuN	10.4	8.27	9.45	32.9	2.66	10.1	27.1	11.9	3.15	9.92	7.01	2.84
La/LuN	15.0	16.0	13.8	8.97	13.6	8.34	10.5	5.44	53.3	6.89	15.6	22.0
Eu/Eu*	0.36	0.35	0.29	0.14	1.61	0.16	0.16	0.31	0.50	0.24	0.46	0.36

Qzfs, quartzofeldspathic. *REE data for P51298 are from OU83142, which was collected from the same outcrop and analysed by ICP-MS.

Figure 3. Cathodoluminescence images of zircon (left column), and combination stacked frequency histograms and Gaussian-summation probability density distribution plots of ²⁰⁶Pb*/²³⁸U zircon dates (right column) for: A–D, Woodham Orthogneiss (OU81949 and OU81937); E–H, McKnee Intrusives quartz monzodiorites (OU81925 and OU82005); I, J, Mt Cann Pluton quartz monzodiorite (OU82035). Asterisk indicates date is part of magmatic population.

Figure 4. Davis Creek Paragneiss quartzofeldspathic gneiss (OU81996). A, Cathodoluminescence images of representative zircons. Asterisk indicates that the age is part of the metamorphic population. B, Combination stacked frequency histograms and Gaussian-summation probability density distribution plot. P (1/20) is the probability that a zircon population representing 5% of the zircons in the rock would be missed when analysing 76 grains at random (Dodson et al. 1988). C, Tera-Wasserburg concordia plot showing the 14 concordant analyses from the metamorphic population. Error ellipses are shown at the 1σ level. P = probability of concordance. Error on concordia age is 2σ. D, Th/U versus ²⁰⁶Pb*/²³⁸U age plot. The dashed line marks the minimum Th/U ratio (0.5) of typical magmatic zircon (Hoskin & Schaltegger 2003).

Figure 5. Whole-rock geochemical variation diagrams of the Woodham Orthogneiss compared to the Arthur River Complex (ARC), Separation Point Suite (SPS) and Western Fiordland Orthogneiss (WFO): A, Al₂O₃ versus SiO₂; B, Na₂O versus SiO₂; C, Rb versus SiO₂; D, log(Sr/Y) versus Y; E, chondrite-normalised (Sun & McDonough 1989) rare Earth element (REE) plot; F, stacked histogram of Sr/Y ratios. Main data sources: Bradshaw & Kimbrough (1991); Challis et al. (1994); Burgess (2004); Blattner (2006); Scott & Palin (2008); Allibone et al. (2009a); Allibone et al. (2009b); Scott et al. (2009a); Turnbull et al. (2010b); Price et al. (2011); Tulloch et al. (2011); Daczko et al. (2012); McCoy-West et al. (2014). *Percentage of total WFO, including the Woodham Orthogneiss. **Other WFO excludes the atypical Breaksea Orthogneiss and Hawes Head Ultramafics.

Figure 6. Whole-rock geochemical variability of the Davis Creek Paragneiss compared to mean volcanic rock compositions, and average upper crust (McLennan 2001). A, F1–F2 discriminant function diagram (Roser & Korsch 1988). B, A–CN–K triangle (Fedo et al. 1995). *Apatite-correction applied (CaO = Ca – 1.67P). C, Th/Sc–Zr/Sc bivariate diagram (after Roser & Korsch 1999). D, Primitive mantle (PM) (Sun & McDonough 1989) normalised trace-element spider diagram. A, andesite; CAB, calc-alkaline basalt; D, dacite; R, rhyolite. Mineral abbreviations are those of Whitney & Evans (2010).

Figure 7. Whole-rock geochemical variation diagrams showing the McKnee Intrusives and Mt Cann Pluton compared to the Separation Point Suite, Rahu Suite and Darran Suite: A, Al₂O₃ versus SiO₂; B, Na₂O versus SiO₂; C, Sr versus SiO₂; D, Y versus SiO₂; E, F, Chondrite-normalised REE plots. Data sources in addition to those listed for Figure 5: Graham & White (1990); Muir et al. (1997); Waight et al. (1998); Sagar & Palin (2011). TR, Triassic; K, Cretaceous.

Figure 8. Plots showing the age ranges of A, Woodham Orthogneiss (OU81949, OU81937 and P51298) and WFO and Fiordland SPS plutons; B, Late Triassic McKnee Intrusives (OU81925) and Darran Suite plutons; C, Early Cretaceous McKnee Intrusives (OU82005) and Darran Suite plutons; D, Mt Cann Pluton (OU82035) and Nelson and Fiordland SPS and Rahu Suite plutons. Data sources: Kimbrough et al. (1994); Muir et al. (1994, 1997, 1998); Waight et al. (1997); Blattner & Graham (2000); Tulloch & Kimbrough (2003); Hollis et al. (2004); Klepeis et al. (2004); Bolhar et al. (2008); Scott & Palin (2008); Allibone et al. (2009a); Turnbull et al. (2010b); Stowell et al. (2014).

Figure 9. Simplified geological maps showing the tectonostratigraphic basement rock units of A, the South Island; B, the Glenroy area, southeast Nelson; and C, northern Fiordland. Fault-bound blocks of many of the basement units in northern Fiordland, including the WFO, GSP and Late Triassic and Early Cretaceous Darran Suite, that are exposed c. 100 km along the strike of the Alpine Fault crop out over only c. 10 km parallel to the Alpine Fault in the Glenroy River valley, southeast Nelson. The circled numbers indicate plutonic/gneissic basement units in northern Fiordland and southeast Nelson that have similar geochemistry and geochronology, and equivalent Eastern Province Terranes.

Figure 10. Gaussian-summation probability density distributions of zircon ages in the Davis Creek Paragneiss (OU81996) with those in the George Sound Paragneiss (GSP), Borland paragneiss and Parapara Group (PG). Data sources: Wysoczanski et al. (1997); Clarke et al. (2009); Scott et al. (2009b).

Table A1. Summary of the dominant rock types and type sections/localities for the high-grade metamorphic and plutonic rocks in the Glenroy area.

Formation	Dominant rock type^a	Type localities/sections description	Type localities/sections grid references^b
Davis Creek Paragneiss	Quartzofeldspathic gneisses	Lower Davis Creek	E1545862/N5342434– E1545728/N5343399
		Pedro Creek tributary	E1548350/N5337187– E1548904/N5338068
Woodham Orthogneiss	Hbl-bt monzodioritic orthogneisses	Double Creek	E1546107/N5343658– E1546371/N5343478
McKnee Intrusives	Hbl-bt monzodiorite	Lower Glenroy River East Branch	E1546244/N5346603
Mt Cann Pluton	Bt-ep monzodiorite	Mt Cann summit (1693 m)	E1544931/N5333474

^aMineral abbreviations are those of Whitney & Evans (2010).

^bNZGD2000 datum/NZTM projection.

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