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Abstract
With the phenomenal development in processing power and the dropping cost of high-resolution imaging devices and computer hardware, coupled with the availability of sophisticated user-friendly image manipulation programs, the instances of forgery in digital images has increased manifold. In the current scenario, Digital Image Forensics is an area that has gained immense importance and is instrumental for detecting image forgery. Digital image forgery detection includes Blind or Passive techniques that don’t require any previous information of an image, as the tampered image carries inconsistencies that can be used to detect forgery. Imaging devices and processing techniques, however different from each other, carry a consistent pattern in the image which, if tampered would introduce a deviation from the original pattern. This deviation enables one to detect forgery of images. In this paper, various passive forgery detection techniques are discussed with a special focus on pixel- and physics-based techniques. This paper aims is to deliver an overview of emerging techniques in the field of Image Forgery Detection.