Mechanisms of potassium uptake efficiency and dynamics in the rhizosphere of safflower and sunflower in different soils

Abstract

Potassium uptake efficiency of safflower and sunflower was studied under semi-controlled conditions in loamy and sandy soils. Both species performed better in loamy soil. Safflower had higher agronomic efficiency and higher relative root length under suboptimal K supply. Safflower had higher specific root density and less root radius at all K levels. Safflower had higher relative root-shoot ratio under suboptimal K in loamy soil. Both species had similar K-influx at low and optimal K in loamy soil, while sunflower had higher influx under suboptimal and optimal supplies in sandy soil. Safflower had higher shoot demand in both soils under suboptimal and optimal K. Both species depleted similar amounts of soil solution-K under suboptimal K in sandy soil, while sunflower was more efficient under suboptimal levels in loamy soils. Sunflower depleted more extractable-K under both suboptimal and optimal K. Safflower could be considered K-uptake efficient crop.

Keywords:

• alternative crops
• Carthamus tinctorius
• K influx
• potassium uptake efficiency
• rhizosphere
• safflower
• shoot demand

Acknowledgments

Technical support by Mrs. Susane Koch in Department of Plant Nutrition and Yield Physiology, University of Göttingen, Germany is gratefully acknowledged for her help in plant and soil samples analysis.

Additional information

Funding

Financial support for this study was obtained from the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), Palestinian funding program for research and training “ZAMALAH,” and the Dutch EP-NUFFIC through NICHE-233 project.