Mechanically demanding eccentric exercise increases nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 activity in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Figures & data

Table 1. Group comparison of participants’ physical characteristics and 2 d average energy intake.

	Non-exercise (n = 10)	Exercise (n = 16)	p value
Physical characteristics
Age (years)	27 ± 5	23 ± 4	0.106
Height (cm)	176.6 ± 6.9	179.5 ± 6.8	0.292
Weight (kg)	74.2 ± 4.1	79.7 ± 8.3	0.065
Dietary energy intake
Energy (kcal/d)	1930 ± 561	2235 ± 563	0.190
Protein (g/d)	96.8 ± 39	117 ± 38	0.311
Fat (g/d)	78 ± 40	91 ± 26	0.196
Carbohydrate (g/d)	211 ± 43	228 ± 83	0.550
Omega-3 fatty acid (n-3) (g/d)	0.8 ± 1.4	0.6 ± 0.6	0.627
Vitamin C (mg/d)	68.6 ± 91.9	38.4 ± 24.2	0.333
Vitamin D (µg/d)	2.1 ± 1.9	4.4 ± 4.7	0.165
Vitamin E (mg/d)	6.3 ± 4.7	6.6 ± 4.4	0.837

Values expressed as mean ± SD. CMJ = counter movement jump. Statistical significance set at p < 0.05.

Table 2. Group comparison of jump characteristics during exercise.

Group	Non-exercise (n = 10)	Exercise (n = 16)	p value
Max CMJ height (cm)	37.5 ± 7.0	39.4 ± 6.2	0.490
Mean CMJ height (cm)	–	35.3 ± 6.2	–

Values expressed as mean ± SD. CMJ = counter movement jump. Statistical significance set at p < 0.05.

Figure 1. Fold change (vs pre-intervention) of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) binding to antioxidant response element (ARE) oligonucleotides at post- and 1 h post-intervention. Symbols represent individual values. Whiskers correspond to lowest and highest values. Horizontal line within-box define median values. Exercise group (circles, n = 15); non-exercise group (triangles, n = 9). * = significantly different between groups. # = significantly lower than resting values. ## = significantly higher than post-exercise values. Statistical significance set at p < 0.05.

Figure 2. Enzymatic activity of NRF2 target genes (a) glutathione reductase (GR) and (b) glutathione peroxidase (GPX) at pre-, post- and 1 h post-intervention. Symbols represent individual values. Whiskers correspond to lowest and highest values. Horizontal line within-box define median values. Exercise group (circles, n = 16); non-exercise group (triangles, n = 9). * = significantly different between groups. Statistical significance set at p < 0.05.

Data availability statement

Data can be provided at a reasonable request from the corresponding author.