How work design characteristics affect service employees’ work–family conflicts

ABSTRACT

Despite scholars acknowledging that the five core job characteristics (i.e. skill variety, task significance, task identity, autonomy, and feedback) significantly positively influence employees’ psychological states (i.e. job meaningfulness, job responsibility, and results knowledge), few researchers have empirically studied how these job characteristics and psychological states are related to job involvement and work–family conflict (WFC). Research data were collected by conducting a survey of service employees through a market survey website. A total of 714 valid questionnaires were eventually collected, and structural equation modeling analysis was applied to the data. The results confirmed that skill variety and job involvement have a positive direct influence on WFC, whereas task feedback significantly decreases WFC. Additional analysis suggested that the five core job characteristics indirectly influence WFC through perceived job meaningfulness, responsibility, knowledge of results, and job involvement. The managerial implications for service managers developing employee work design strategies are provided.

摘要

儘管學者普遍認為五大核心工作特性（即技術多樣性，任務重要性，任務完整性，自主性和回饋性）顯著正向影響員工的心理狀態（即體驗工作的意義，體驗對工作結果的責任和瞭解工作結果），但很少研究探討上述工作特性和心理狀態如何與工作涉入及職家衝突有關。本研究資料是藉由市場調查網站對服務人員進行調查收集，最終收集714份有效問卷，並對資料進行結構方程模型分析。結果證實：技術多樣性和工作涉入對職家衝突有直接正向的影響，而任務回饋性顯著降低職家衝突。另外的分析顯示五個核心工作特性藉由體驗工作的意義、體驗對工作結果的責任、瞭解工作結果和工作涉入間接影響職家衝突。本研究提供服務管理者制定員工工作設計策略的管理建議。

KEYWORDS:

• Job characteristics model
• job involvement
• work–family conflict

關鍵字:

• 工作特性模型
• 工作涉入
• 職家衝突

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.