Determinants of uncontrolled asthma among adult asthmatic patients on follow-up at chest clinic of Jimma medical center: unmatched case-control study

Figures & data

Table 1. Sociodemographic characteristics of asthmatic patients on follow-up at Jimma Medical Center, 2020.

Characteristics	Categories	Uncontrolled asthma		Total, N (%)
		Cases = 59 N (%)	Controls = 118 N (%)
Age	18-34	11 (18.6)	48 (40.4)	59 (33.3)
	35 and above	48 (81.4)	70 (59.3)	118 (66.7)
Sex	Male	32 (54.2)	60 (50.8)	92 (52.0)
	Female	27 (45.8)	58 (49.2)	85 (48.0)
Residence	Urban	42 (71.2)	79 (66.9)	121 (68.4)
	Rural	17 (28.8)	39 (33.1)	56 (31.6)
Wealth Index	Poor	26 (44.1)	45 (38.1)	71 (40.1)
	Middle	10 (16.9)	17 (14.4)	27 (15.3)
	Rich	23 (39.0)	56 (47.5)	79 (44.6)
Ownership of house	Privately owned	36 (61)	69 (58.5)	105 (59.3)
	Rented from private	12 (20.3)	28 (23.7)	40 (22.6)
	Rented from government	11 (18.6)	21 (17.8)	32 (18.1)
Age of house	˂ 20 years	44 (74.6)	109 (92.4)	153 (86.4)
	≥ 20 years	15 (25.4)	9 (7.6)	24 (13.6)
Bedroom has window	Yes	54 (91.5)	114 (96.6)	168 (94.9)
	No	5 (8.5)	4 (3.4)	9 (5.1)
Roof type	Corrugated iron sheet	54 (91.5)	115 (97.5)	169 (95.5)
	Thatch/grass	5 (8.5)	3 (2.5)	8 (4.5)
Wall type	Mud/cracked	28 (47.5)	34 (28.8)	62 (35.0)
	Mud/well plastered	19 (32.2)	45 (38.1)	64 (36.2)
	Cemented	12 (20.3)	39 (33.1)	51 (28.8)
Floor type	Earth	14 (23.7)	30 (25.4)	44 (24.9)
	Wood	6 (10.2)	8 (6.8)	14 (7.9)
	Cemented	39 (66.1)	80 (67.8)	119 (67.2)
Usual source of Energy	Wood	20 (33.9)	39 (33.1)	59 (33.3)
	Gas stoves	9 (15.3)	15 (12.7)	24 (13.6)
	Electricity	30 (50.8)	64 (54.2)	94 (53.1)
Household size	˂ 3	23 (39.0)	50 (42.4)	73 (41.2)
	≥ 3	36 (61.0)	68 (57.6)	104 (58.8)
Household has pets	Yes	33 (55.9)	35 (29,7)	68 (38.4)
	No	26 (44.1)	83 (70.3)	109 (61.6)

Table 2. Clinical and behavioral characteristics of asthmatic patients on follow-up at Jimma Medical Center, 2020.

Characteristics	Categories	Uncontrolled asthma		Total, N (%)
		Cases = 59 N (%)	Controls = 118 N (%)
Severity	Intermittent	15 (25.5)	32 (27.1)	47 (26.6)
	Mild persistent	19 (32.2)	42 (35.6)	61 (34.5)
	Moderate persistent	17 (28.8)	32 (27.1)	49 (27.7)
	Severe persistent	8 (13.6)	12 (10.2)	20 (11.3)
Medication type	SABA only	15 (25.4)	29 (24.6)	44 (24.9)
	SABA + ICS	15 (25.4)	34 (28.8)	49 (27.7)
	SABA + low dose OCS	19 (32.2)	31 (26.3)	50 (28.2)
	SABA + high dose OCS	10 (16.9)	24 (20.3)	34 (19.2)
Comorbidity	Yes	28 (47.5)	36 (30.5)	64 (36.2)
	No	31 (52.5)	82 (69.5)	113 (63.8)
Exacerbation	Yes	22 (37.3)	27 (22.9)	49 (27.7)
	No	37 (62.7)	91 (77.1)	128 (72.3)
Family history	Yes	17 (28.8)	45 (38.1)	62 (35.0)
	No	42 (71.2)	73 (61.9)	115 (65.0)
Visit	Scheduled	39 (66.1)	101 (85.6)	140 (79.1)
	Unscheduled	20 (33.9)	17 (14.4)	37 (20.9)
Asthma knowledge	Good	24 (40.7)	77 (65.3)	101 (57.1)
	Poor	35 (59.3)	41 (34.7)	76 (42.9)
Attitude toward Asthma	Positive	39 (66.1)	100 (84.7)	139 (78.5)
	Negative	20 (33.9)	18 (15.3)	38 (21.5)
Adherence to treatment	Adherent	22 (37.3)	69 (58.5)	91 (51.4)
	Non-adherent	37 (62.7)	49 (41.5)	86 (48.6)
Physical activity	Sufficient	12 (20.3)	21 (17.8)	33 (18.6)
	Insufficient	47 (79.7)	97 (82.2)	144 (81.4)
Smoking	No	48 (81.4)	114 (96.6)	162 (91.5)
	Yes	11 (18.6)	4 (3.4)	15 (8.5)

Table 3. Determinants of uncontrolled asthma among asthmatic patients on follow-up at Jimma Medical Center, 2020.

Variables	Categories	Uncontrolled asthma		COR [95% CI]	AOR [95%CI]	P-value
		Cases = 59	Controls = 118
Age	18-34	11	48	1	1
	≥ 35	48	70	2.99 [1.41, 6.34]	2.78 [1.14, 6.81]	0.025
Age of houses	< 20 years	44	109	1	1
	≥ 20 years	15	9	4.13[1.68, 10.13]	3.65 [1.30, 10.28]	0.014
Pet present	Yes	33	35	3.01 [1.57, 5.76]	2.78 [1.29, 5.96]	0.009
	No	26	83	1	1
Rhinitis	Yes	11	12	2.05 [0.84, 4.97]	3.34 [1.17, 9.52]	0.024
	No	48	106	1	1
Exacerbation	Yes	22	27	2.00 [1.02, 3.96]	2.38 [1.05, 5.40]	0.039
	No	37	91	1	1
Adherence to treatment	yes	22	69	1	1
	No	37	49	2.37 [1.25, 4.50]	2.81 [1.30, 6.08]	0.009
Smoking	No	48	114	1	1
	Yes	11	4	6.53 [1.98, 21. 53]	7.09 [1.84, 27.33]	0.004