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Original Articles

Comparison of Vehicle Exhaust Particle Size Distributions Measured by SMPS and EEPS During Steady-State Conditions

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Pages 984-996 | Received 03 Oct 2014, Accepted 31 Jul 2015, Published online: 22 Sep 2015

Figures & data

TABLE 1 Summary of testing conditions

FIG. 1. (a) Number, and (b) mass distributions reported by SMPS and EEPS default and soot matrices for the diesel generator operating on ULSD. Dashed lines in panel (a) present lognormal-fitted size distribution of accumulation mode particles measured by SMPS. The equivalent work-based emission factors for number and mass are presented on the right y-axis.

FIG. 1. (a) Number, and (b) mass distributions reported by SMPS and EEPS default and soot matrices for the diesel generator operating on ULSD. Dashed lines in panel (a) present lognormal-fitted size distribution of accumulation mode particles measured by SMPS. The equivalent work-based emission factors for number and mass are presented on the right y-axis.

FIG. 2. (a) Number, and (b) mass distributions reported by SMPS and EEPS default and soot matrices for the diesel generator operating on biodiesel. Dashed lines in panel (a) present lognormal-fitted size distribution of accumulation mode particles measured by SMPS. The equivalent work-based emission factors for number and mass are presented on the right y-axis.

FIG. 2. (a) Number, and (b) mass distributions reported by SMPS and EEPS default and soot matrices for the diesel generator operating on biodiesel. Dashed lines in panel (a) present lognormal-fitted size distribution of accumulation mode particles measured by SMPS. The equivalent work-based emission factors for number and mass are presented on the right y-axis.

FIG. 3. (a) Number, and (b) mass distributions reported by SMPS and EEPS default and soot matrices for the GDI vehicle operating at 60 mph and 2% road grade. Dashed lines in panel (a) present lognormal-fitted size distribution of nucleation and accumulation mode particles measured by SMPS. The equivalent distance-based emission factors for number and mass are presented on the right y-axis.

FIG. 3. (a) Number, and (b) mass distributions reported by SMPS and EEPS default and soot matrices for the GDI vehicle operating at 60 mph and 2% road grade. Dashed lines in panel (a) present lognormal-fitted size distribution of nucleation and accumulation mode particles measured by SMPS. The equivalent distance-based emission factors for number and mass are presented on the right y-axis.

FIG. 4. (a) Number, and (b) mass distributions reported by SMPS and EEPS default and soot matrices for the PFI vehicle operating at 25 mph and 0.8% road grade under a simulated transient operation mode. Dashed lines in panel (a) present lognormal-fitted size distribution of nucleation and accumulation mode particles measured by SMPS. The equivalent distance-based emission factors for number and mass are presented on the right y-axis.

FIG. 4. (a) Number, and (b) mass distributions reported by SMPS and EEPS default and soot matrices for the PFI vehicle operating at 25 mph and 0.8% road grade under a simulated transient operation mode. Dashed lines in panel (a) present lognormal-fitted size distribution of nucleation and accumulation mode particles measured by SMPS. The equivalent distance-based emission factors for number and mass are presented on the right y-axis.

FIG. 5. (a) Number, and (b) mass distributions reported by SMPS and EEPS default and soot matrices for the TDI vehicle operating at 60 mph and 4% road grade. Dashed lines in panel (a) present lognormal-fitted size distribution of nucleation and accumulation mode particles measured by SMPS. The equivalent distance-based emission factors for number and mass are presented on the right y-axis.

FIG. 5. (a) Number, and (b) mass distributions reported by SMPS and EEPS default and soot matrices for the TDI vehicle operating at 60 mph and 4% road grade. Dashed lines in panel (a) present lognormal-fitted size distribution of nucleation and accumulation mode particles measured by SMPS. The equivalent distance-based emission factors for number and mass are presented on the right y-axis.

TABLE 2 Particle number and mass emission rates (MIPSD) determined by EEPS and SMPSFootnote

TABLE 3 Parameters for bi-modal fit of each steady state test

Supplemental material

Supplemental Material

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