Retention forestry in Sweden: driving forces, debate and implementation 1968–2003

Figures & data

Figure 1. Examples of RF in boreal Sweden of today. The picture is from a company instruction on RF (SCA 2012).

Table 1. Numbers of analysed articles with indicated relevance to the topic.

	Relevance
Journal	None	Low	Moderate	High	Total
Skogen (S)	157	126	116	238	637
Sveriges Natur (SN + SNA)	100	23	43	96	262
Total	257	149	159	334	899

Table 2. Numbers of analysed articles from Skogen, Sveriges Natur and Sveriges Natur årsbok published in indicated time periods.

	Period
Journal	1968–1969	1970–1974	1975–1979	1980–1984	1985–1989	1990–1994	1995–1999	2000–2003	Total
Skogen (S)	15	100	74	91	95	133	98	31	637
Sveriges Natur (SN + SNA)	3	25	44	40	49	52	36	13	262
Total	18	125	118	131	144	185	134	44	899

Figure 2. A widespread debate and criticism of Swedish forestry started in the beginning of the 1970s. The criticism was primarily triggered by massive protests against aerial spraying of herbicides to control brushwood in clear-cuts. Photo: SKOGENbild.

Figure 3. During the 1970s, harvesting with large forestry machines started, following earlier practices with chainsaw harvest. Clear-cuts were often >100 ha in size. Photo: SCA.

Figure 4. Diagram depicting the driving forces and the following activities for the development of RF. The study period has been divided into different periods and legislative changes are marked.

Figure 5. An ENGO demonstration against forestry in 1974. The placards announce, e.g. “Legislate against clear-cutting” and “Stop planting forest on our fields.” Photo: Bertil Brunnegård.

SCA. 2012. Final felling and conservation. Sundsvall: SCA Skog AB.

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