http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2898-2301
Figures & data
Figure 1. Schematic showing the link between the juvenile environment (e.g. exposed to maternal stress or not) and development outcomes for offspring when maternal stress provides a cue of later offspring conditions (predictive adaptive response depending on environmental correlation, red text) and when maternal stress imposes a negative cost on offspring development (developmental constraint due to a carryover effect of early input, blue text).
Table 1. Summary of data included and tables of variables and confounder variables.
Table 2. Association between anxiety reported by women at 32 weeks’ gestation (CCEI scale in parentheses) and whether they subsequently breastfed their child at all, or breastfed for at least 6 months, both when including no confounders in the model or including all confounders, i.e. smoking, age, parity, education, and BMI.
Table 3. Association between breastfed status (predictor, categorical) and growth (outcome, change in body weight from previous timepoint) at 8 , 25, and 61 months in the Children in Focus subset.
Table 4 Association between breastfed status and age at onset of puberty, as measured as age at menarche in girls and whether voice first changed above the median in boys.