Changing agrarian relations after redistributive land reform in Zimbabwe

Figures & data

Table 1. Agrarian structure: estimated landholdings from 1980 to 2010.

	Farms/households (000s)						Area held (000 ha)						Average farm size (ha)*
Farm categories	1980		2000		2010		1980*		2000*		2010*		1980	2000	2010
	No	%	No	%	No	%	Ha	%	ha	%	ha	%
Peasantry	700	98	1,125	99	1,321	98	16,400	49	20,067	61	25,826	79	23	18	20
Mid-sized farms	8.5	1	8.5	1	30.9	2	1,400	4	1,400	4	4,400	13	165	165	142
Large farms	5.4	1	4.956	0.4	1.371	0.1	13,000	39	8,691.6	27	1,156.9	4	2,407	1,754	844
Agro-Estates	0.296	0.1	0.296	0.02	0.247	0.02	2,567	8	2,567	8	1,494.6	5	8,672	8,672	6,051
Total	714	100	1,139	100	1,353	100	33,367	100	32,726	100	32,878	100	46.7	28.7	24.3
Source: Adapted from Moyo 2011a (table 1). Notes: ^*The average farm size of the peasantry includes common grazing lands.

Table 2. National classification of (A2) farms.

	Farm sizes
Provinces	below 100	101–300	301–500	501–1500	1501–3000	3001–5001+	Total
Manicaland	1,427	404	100	31	2	1	1,965
Mashonaland Central	1,991	696	184	60	5	3	2,939
Mashonaland East	3,113	1,049	195	95	4	3	4,459
Mashonaland West	6,353	1,421	300	158	16	8	8,256
Masvingo	1,027	86	43	121	49	4	1,330
Mat North	198	221	66	145	35	8	673
Mat South	117	643	321	230	54	1	1,366
Midlands	136	606	428	191	15	9	1,385
Total	14,362	5,126	1637	1,031	180	37	22,373
Source: Compiled by author from MLRR (2010) data.

Figure 1. Sub-sectoral maize production trends (1980–2010) in Zimbabwe. Source: MAMID (2010a, 2010b).

Figure 2. Cereal crops output: 1990s vs. 2000s average. Source: FAO (2009), MIMAD (2010a, 2010b, 2011).

Figure 3. Oilseed output: 1990s vs. 2000s average. Source: TIMB Statistical data, Cotton Ginners Association (2010), MAMID (2011).

Figure 4. Key exports' output trends: 1990s average vs. 2000s.Source: TIMB Statistical data, Cotton Ginners Association (2010), MAMID (2011).

Figure 5. Tea and coffee output trends in Zimbabwe. Source: IMF (2005), Zimbabwe Tea Growers Association data, Zimbabwe Coffee Mills data.

Table 3. Cattle numbers by farming sector: 2001 – 2011.

Sector	2001	2003	2005	2009	2011
A2/LSCF	1,291,110	453,418	519,028	442,080	453,385
Communal	4,398,081	3,994,830	3,604,361	3,692,196	3,529,739
Resettlement & A1	505,360	717,969	844,800	919,616	1,020,070
Small scale	23,565	180,648	219,424	167,828	147,559
Total	6,418,116	5,296,865	5,187,613	5,221,720	5,156,753
Source: MAMID (2010a, 2010b), FAO (2009).

Figure 6. Small stock production. Source: MIMAD (2010b).

Figure 7. Sub-sectoral utilisation of locally produced fertiliser. Source: Triparthy et al (2007).

Table 4. Total cropped area by farm size in selected new resettlement areas.

	Farm sizes (ha)
Cropped	1-19		20-49		50-99		100-299		300+		Total
area (ha)	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
0	177	18.8	122	19.8	30	16.3	49	27.5	11	37.9	389	19.9
0.1-1	90	9.5	44	7.2	13	7.1	27	15.2	–	–	174	8.9
1.1-3	285	30.2	145	23.6	27	14.7	37	20.8	3	10.3	497	25.5
3.1-5	222	23.5	105	17.1	24	13.0	23	12.9	3	10.3	377	19.3
5.1-10	97	10.3	92	15.0	40	21.7	12	6.7	–	–	241	12.4
10+	73	7.7	107	17.4	50	27.2	30	16.9	12	41.4	272	13.9
Total	944	100.0	615	100.0	184	100.0	178	100.0	29	100.0	1950	100.0
Source: AIAS Household Baseline Survey (2007).

Figure 8. National fertiliser supply (2001 – 2010). Source: Compiled by AIAS from Zimbabwe Fertilizer Company (ZFC) 2010 data.