Framing TTIP in the wake of the Greenpeace leaks: agonistic and deliberative perspectives on frame resonance and communicative power

Figures & data

Table 2. Analysed publications by country and political orientation (number of sampled articles in parentheses).

	Conservative/economic	Liberal/mainstream	Left
France	Les Échos (7)	Le Monde (5)	Libération (2)
Germany	Frankfurter Allgemeine (10)	Süddeutsche Zeitung (9)	die tageszeitung (9)
Spain	El Economista (4)	EL PAÍS (6)	eldiario.es (9)
UK	Financial Times (1)	BBC (2)	The Guardian (4)

Table 1. Frames used on the Stop TTIP Facebook page, April 2016.

Category	Frame	Used in # of posts	Used in % of posts
Content	Threat to regulatory standards	5	24
	Threat of private courts	4	19
	Corporations over citizens	3	14
	Threat to democracy/popular sovereignty	3	14
Process	Lack of democratic standards	4	19
	Lack of support, mass opposition	3	14

Table 3. Frames identified in the media content analysis.

Main category	Subcategory/ Master frame	Context-Specific Frame
Process frames	Process	Lack of Transparency
		‘Horse race’ (i.e. difficult negotiation process)
		Mass opposition and/or lack of public support
Content frames	Threat	Threat to regulatory standards
		Threat of private justice (i.e. private arbitration courts)
		Corporations versus citizens
	Opportunity	Jobs and growth
		Global leadership

Table 4. Most frequent frames in titles/subtitles (whole sample, by country).

	Lack of transparency	Difficult negotiation/ ‘horse race’	Threat to regulatory standards
GER	11%	21%	21%
UK	43%	57%	43%
FRA	64%	36%	14%
ESP	68%	32%	53%

% of articles in respective national samples

Table 5. Most frequent frames in titles/subtitles (whole sample, by newspaper orientation).

	Lack of transparency	Horse race	Threat to regulatory standards
Left	46%	29%	25%
Liberal/mainstream	45%	36%	41%
Ecoomic/Conservative	32%	27%	27%

Table 6. Most frequent frames in main body of articles (by country).

	Threat to regulatory standards	Horse race/ difficult negotiation	Lack of transparency	Corporations over citizens
FRA	100%	93%	57%	29%
GER	68%	61%	50%	32% (not top 4)
ESP	68%	95%	79%	53%
UK	100%	86%	43%	71%

% of all articles in the respective national samples

Table 7. Most frequent frames in main body of articles (by newspaper orientation).

	Threat to regulatory standards	Horse race/ difficult negotiation	Lack of transparency	Corporations over citizens
Economic	82%	87%	50%	18%
Liberal	82%	77%	68%	50%
Left	71%	79%	50%	58%

Appendix 1. Frames in the titles/subtitles of the sampled articles.

		France				Spain				UK				Germany
Frame	Total	LeM	Éch	Lib	Total	País	Eco	Dia	Total	FT	BBC	Gua	Total	FAZ	SZ	taz	Total
Lack of transparency	28	3	4	2	9	4	3	6	13	0	1	2	3	0	2	1	3
‘Horse race’/ Difficult negotiation	21	2	3	0	5	3	1	2	6	0	1	3	4	2	2	2	6
Threat to regulatory standards	21	1	1	0	2	3	4	3	10	0	1	2	3	1	4	1	6
Lack of support/ mass opposition	3	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	2	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1
Private justice	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	2
Business as usual	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	2
Greenpeace leaks as obstacle	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	2
Corporations vs. citizens	0	0	0	0	0	2	1	1	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Unidentifiable	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	2	4
Miscellaneous	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	3	0	1	4

Frames in Main Body of Articles (whole sample).

	FAZ	SZ	taz	Total	FT	BBC	Gua	Total	Éch	LeM	Lib	Total	Eco	País	dia	Total
Horse race	7	5	5	17	0	2	4	6	7	5	1	13	4	5	9	18
Regulatory standards	6	6	7	19	1	2	4	7	7	5	2	14	4	5	4	13
Lack of transparency	4	7	3	14	0	1	2	3	4	2	0	6	3	5	7	15
Corporations vs citizens	0	5	4	9	0	2	3	5	2	0	2	4	2	4	4	10
Economic opportunity	3	3	4	10	0	2	0	2	2	0	0	2	0	2	1	3
Business as usual	4	6	4	14	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	2	0	0	0	0
Private justice	2	4	2	8	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	1
Lack of support	3	0	4	7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	2
Obstacle	2	3	2	7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other threats	1	2	2	5	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Global leader	3	1	1	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other opportunity	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0