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Articles

Body Ecology: Avoiding body–mind dualism

Pages 101-112 | Received 03 Nov 2016, Accepted 04 Dec 2016, Published online: 03 Feb 2017
 

Abstract

When we talk about Body Ecology, we cannot avoid addressing the question of an understanding of the human body. This question leads to considerations of the wholeness of the human being, often conceived as the ‘unity of the body and the mind,’ which presupposes dualistic thinking. Since this is a problematic and inadequate concept of the human being, new ‘holistic’ concepts of the human being have been developed, such as ‘psychophysical unity’ and ‘bio-psycho-social unity.’ This paper argues that, despite the arrival of these new ‘holistic’ theories, we have not replaced dualism. Rather, it remains hidden in our thinking and practice, though in a more sophisticated way than before. Since these theories are a way of trying to express the understanding of the human as a whole, the main aim of this paper is to highlight the problem of dualism and atomism with respect to these theories by focusing on an understanding of the concepts of ‘part’ and ‘whole’ and their relationship. Finally, a way toward an understanding of the wholeness of the human being, based on a phenomenological approach to the human being, will be presented and discussed.

Lorsque nous parlons d’écologie corporelle, nous ne pouvons pas éviter de traiter la question de la compréhension du corps humain. Cette question nous mène aux considérations de la plénitude de l’être humain, souvent conçue comme « l’unité du corps et de l’esprit », ce qui suppose une pensée dualiste. Puisqu’il s’agit d’un concept problématique et inadéquat de l’être humain, de nouveaux concepts « holistiques » de l’être humain ont été développés, tels que « unité psychophysique » et « unité bio-psycho-sociale ». Cet article soutient que, malgré l’arrivée de ces nouvelles théories « holistiques », nous n’avons pas remplacé le dualisme. Au contraire, il reste caché dans notre pensée et la pratique, bien que d’une manière plus sophistiquée qu’auparavant. Étant donné que ces théories sont un moyen d’exprimer la compréhension de l’humain dans son ensemble, le but principal de cet article est de mettre en évidence le problème du dualisme et de l’atomisme par rapport à ces théories, en mettant l’accent sur la compréhension des concepts de « partie » et « unité » et leur relation. Enfin, un chemin vers la compréhension de la unité de l’être humain, basé sur une approche phénoménologique de l’être humain, sera présenté et discuté.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.

Additional information

Funding

This paper was written within the framework of ‘BE-PASA’ – Body Ecology by Physical, Adapted & Sport Activity (GDRI 836), and with the institutional support PRVOUK P39 and PROGRES Q19.

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