Children With Conduct Problems and Co-occurring ADHD: Behavioral Improvements Following Parent Management Training

Figures & data

TABLE 1 Means, Standard Deviations, ANOVA of Differences at Pretreatment, and Analyses of Covariance of Treatment Outcomes at Posttreatment

	ADHD			Not ADHD			Pre-treatment		Post- treatment
										F	p
Variable	Pre Mean (SD)	Post Mean (SD)	Post Adjusted Mean (SE)	Pre Mean (SD)	Post Mean (SD)	Post Adjusted Mean (SE)	F	p	df	For Adjusted Means
Parent reports
PDR	25.90 (12.28)	16.37 (11.02)	14.99 (1.20)	23.29 (12.36)	14.62 (11.34)	15.40 (.89)	2.56	.11	196	.07	.79
CBCL Externalizing	26.12 (10.21)	17.99 (10.25)	16.42 (.96)	22.81 (8.71)	16.40 (9.50)	17.26 (.70)	7.42	.01	200	.48	.49
CBCL Internalizing	12.51 (8.25)	9.32 (7.65)	9.51 (.78)	13.12 (7.99)	10.62 (8.39)	10.52 (.57)	.33	.56	200	1.06	.31
CBCL Attention Prob.	9.17 (3.67)	7.59 (3.72)	6.74 (.37)	7.10 (3.42)	5.86 (3.91)	6.33 (.27)	20.15	.00	200	.77	.38
CBCL Social Prob.	5.55 (2.85)	4.10 (2.66)	3.58 (.28)	4.27 (2.96)	3.50 (2.98)	3.79 (.20)	11.35	.00	200	.35	.56
CBCL Anx./Dep.	6.85 (5.01)	5.10 (4.69)	5.10 (.49)	7.22 (4.64)	5.78 (4.80)	5.78 (.35)	.34	.56	200	1.23	.27
SSRS parent	88.21 (12.08)	91.30 (11.74)	92.33 (1.12)	88.99 (11.40)	95.25 (13.17)	94.67 (.83)	.26	.61	214	2.69	.10
Teacher reports
TRF Externalizing	24.84 (14.20)	21.45 (13.54)	19.57 (1.44)	20.12 (15.10)	18.08 (15.76)	19.17 (1.08)	5.36	.02	180	.05	.83
TRF Internalizing	10.15 (7.35)	9.38 (7.64)	8.81 (.77)	8.89 (6.81)	8.45 (7.34)	8.78 (.57)	1.69	.20	180	.00	.97
TRF Attention Prob.	18.58 (7.14)	16.67 (6.82)	14.99 (.89)	14.22 (8.49)	13.69 (9.55)	14.65 (.66)	15.61	.00	180	.09	.77
TRF Social Prob.	6.37 (4.08)	5.21 (4.22)	4.58 (.43)	4.88 (4.06)	4.72 (4.29)	5.08 (.32)	7.11	.01	180	.84	.36
TRF Anx./Dep.	7.05 (5.63)	6.15 (5.45)	5.69 (.55)	5.86 (4.84)	5.45 (4.72)	5.72 (.41)	2.81	.10	180	.00	.97
SSRS teacher	66.20 (9.43)	68.10 (8.74)	69.89 (1.10)	70.58 (10.98)	71.23 (11.50)	70.20 (.82)	9.36	.00	175	.05	.83
Academic competence	2.73 (.77)	2.80 (.82)	2.90 (.06)	2.98 (.75)	2.95 (.74)	2.89 (.05)	5.51	.02	156	.00	.98

Note. Unadjusted pre and post means are reported for all measures. Adjusted means are based on ANCOVA analyses, and adjusted for both pretest scores, type of organization, and gender.

FIGURE 1 Regression lines for posttreatment scores on parent-reported externalizing (CBCL), teacher-reported externalizing (TRF), parent daily report (PDR), and teacher-reported academic competence (SSRS) as a function of combinations of maternal anxiety/depression and ADHD/not ADHD.

FIGURE 2 Regression lines for posttreatment scores on teacher-reported externalizing (TRF), parent-reported social competence (SSRS), and teacher-reported attention problems (TRF) as a function of combinations of family income and ADHD/not ADHD.