Relationship between exercise motivation and social support in a support facility for persons with disabilities in Japan

Figures & data

Figure 1. Participant inclusion criteria flow diagram.

Table 1. Participant demographic characteristics and injury characteristics (n = 33).

Variable	Median (IQR)	n (%)	Range
Age (years)	55.0 (16.0)	–	23–74
Time since admission (month)	7.0 (17.0)	–	3–46
Gender	–		–
Female	–	6 (18.2%)	–
Male	–	27 (81.8%)	–
Condition	–		–
Acquired brain injury	–	28 (84.8%)	–
Spinal cord injury	–	3 (9.1%)	–
Polyneuritis	–	1 (3.0%)	–
Amputee	–	1 (3.0%)	–

IQR: inter quartile range.

Table 2. Descriptive values for study variables (n = 33).

Variable	Score	Range	Cronbach’s α
AM^a	2.7 ± 0.8	1.1–4.0	0.823
CM^b	0.9 (1.0)	0–3.1	0.682
RMI^b	8.0 (7.0)	1–15	NA
GSES^a	8.7 ± 3.5	3–14	0.747
MSPSS^b	47.0 (16.0)	4–56	0.960
SERVQUAL^a	83.6 ± 20.2	29–120	0.959
Ono’s Peer support scale^a	26.1 ± 15.0	0–51	0.955

AM: autonomous motivation; CM: controlled motivation; RMI: Rivermead Mobility Index; GSES: General Self-Efficacy Scale; MSPSS: Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support.

^aMean ± standard deviation; ^bmedian (inter quartile range).

Table 3. Correlations of study variables.

	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
1. AM	−0.115	−0.011	0.409*	−0.034	0.029	0.048	0.544**	0.534**	0.285
2. CM	–	−0.147	0.153	−0.230	0.274	0.098	−0.298	−0.016	0.371*
3. Age		–	0.112	−0.209	0.041	−0.210	0.159	−0.016	0.007
4. Gender			–	−0.100	−0.046	0.054	0.207	0.223	0.265
5. TSA				–	−0.036	0.150	−0.266	0.068	−0.093
6. RMI					–	0.068	−0.109	0.056	0.184
7. GSES						–	0.260	−0.071	0.178
8. MSPSS							–	0.169	0.138
9. SERVQUAL								–	−0.056
10. OPSS									–

AM: autonomous motivation; CM: controlled motivation; TSA: time since admission; RMI: Rivermead Mobility Index; GSES: General Self-Efficacy Scale; MSPSS: Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support; OPSS: Ono’s Peer support scale.

*p < .05; **p < .01.

Table 4. Hierarchical regression analysis for predicting autonomous motivation.

Step and variables	R^2	ΔR^2	β	95% CI	p
Step 1	0.160	–	–	–	–
Age	–	–	−0.014	−0.37–0.34	.937
Gender	–	–	0.392	0.04–0.75	.031*
TSA	–	–	0.117	−0.23–0.47	.497
Step 2	0.165	0.005
Age	–	–	−0.006	−0.38–0.37	.973
Gender	–	–	0.395	0.03–0.76	.036*
TSA	–	–	0.116	−0.25–0.48	.523
RMI	–	–	0.069	−0.29–0.43	.698
GSES	–	–	0.005	−0.37–0.38	.978
Step 3	0.669**	0.504*
Age	–	–	−0.135	−0.40–0.13	.310
Gender	–	–	0.205	−0.06–0.47	.120
TSA	–	–	0.203	−0.05–0.46	.111
RMI	–	–	0.015	−0.23–0.26	.903
GSES	–	–	−0.160	−0.43–0.11	.237
MSPSS	–	–	0.550	0.27–0.83	.000**
SERVQUAL	–	–	0.365	0.10–0.63	.009**
OPSS	–	–	0.211	−0.05–0.47	.110

AM: autonomous motivation; CM: controlled motivation; TSA: time since admission; RMI: Rivermead Mobility Index; GSES: General Self-Efficacy Scale; MSPSS: Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support; OPSS: Ono’s Peer support scale.

**p < .01; *p < .05.

Table 5. Hierarchical regression analysis for predicting controlled motivation.

Step and variables	R^2	ΔR^2	β	95% CI	p
Step 1	0.084	–	–	–	–
Age	–	–	−0.082	−0.45–0.29	.652
Gender	–	–	0.256	−0.11–0.63	.166
TSA	–	–	−0.121	−0.49–0.24	.503
Step 2	0.114	0.030
Age	–	–	−0.062	−0.45–0.32	.742
Gender	–	–	0.263	−0.12–0.64	.166
TSA	–	–	−0.125	−0.50–0.25	.503
RMI	–	–	0.173	−0.20–0.55	.352
GSES	–	–	0.020	−0.37–0.41	.917
Step 3	0.384	0.269*
Age	–	–	0.068	−0.30–0.43	.704
Gender	–	–	0.209	−0.15–0.57	.241
TSA	–	–	−0.156	−0.50–0.19	.362
RMI	–	–	0.095	−0.24–0.44	.568
GSES	–	–	0.115	−0.26–0.49	.528
MSPSS	–	–	−0.503	−0.88 to −0.12	.012*
SERVQUAL	–	–	0.134	−0.23–0.50	.452
OPSS	–	–	0.365	0.01–0.72	.046*

AM: autonomous motivation; CM: controlled motivation; TSA: time since admission; RMI: Rivermead Mobility Index; GSES: General Self-Efficacy Scale; MSPSS: Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support; OPSS: Ono’s Peer support scale.

*p < .05.

Data availability statement

The data that support are openly available in figshare at http://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.16620454.