Dementia-inclusive group-singing online during COVID-19: A qualitative exploration

Figures & data

Table 1. Participant characteristics

Facilitator Group	Facilitator Pseudonym(s)	Gender	Age	In-person settings pre-COVID-19
Music Therapist (n = 1)	F5	Male	35–44	Residential care setting, day centre
Community Musicians (n = 6)	F2, F4, F7, F9, F11, F12	Male (n = 1) Female (n = 5)	Mdn = 54 25–34 (n = 2) 45–54 (n = 1) 55–64 (n = 2) 65–74 (n = 1)	Community centres, day centres, other community settings, residential care settings, primary care centres, hospitals
Other* (n = 5)	F1, F3, F6, F8, F10	Female (n = 5)	Mdn = 60 45–54 (n = 1) 55–64 (n = 3) 65–74 (n = 1)	Community centres, day centres, other community settings

*This group is inclusive of any facilitators who are not professional musicians. Facilitating the singing group or choir may be one facet of a broader job (e.g. activities co-ordinator), or a voluntary role distinct from their profession.

Table 2. Musical activities facilitated during COVID-19

Musical Activities	Delivery	Asynchronous/ Synchronous	No. of Facilitators
Zoom choir rehearsals or singing-sessions	Online	Synchronous	n = 6
WhatsApp singalongs	Online	Synchronous	n = 3
Facebook public live-stream	Online	Synchronous	n = 1
YouTube playlists and singalongs	Online	Asynchronous	n = 6
Virtual Choir recordings	Online	Asynchronous	n = 5
Music appreciation Zoom	Online	Synchronous	n = 2
Outdoor concerts	In-person	Synchronous	n = 1
Small in-person music therapy groups	In-person	Synchronous	n = 1
In-person with webcam singing sessions	Blended	Synchronous	n = 1