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Original Articles

Subjective well-being and job satisfaction among self-employed and regular employees: does personality matter differently?

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Pages 55-73 | Received 06 Oct 2014, Accepted 20 Oct 2015, Published online: 22 Dec 2015
 

Abstract

Little is known about the importance of personality traits for subjective well-being (SWB) and job satisfaction among self-employed. The aim of this article is to investigate if the Big-Five personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience) have different relationships with SWB and job satisfaction among self-employed compared with regular employees. Data come from a Swedish survey comprising representative samples of self-employed (n = 2483) and regular employees (n = 2642). Personality traits are measured using a 10-item personality measure. Our findings show that there are only small differences, between self-employed and regular employees, in the associations between personality traits and SWB. For job satisfaction, on the other hand, we find much stronger relationships for self-employed than the regularly employed. For self-employed, every personality trait except ‘openness to experience’ have a significant positive relationship with job satisfaction. In comparison, only ‘extraversion’ and ‘emotional stability’ are significantly correlated to job satisfaction among regular employees. The relationship between ‘extraversion’ and job satisfaction was furthermore substantially weaker among regular employees. Therefore, being self-employed seems to be particularly beneficial for individuals scoring high on ‘extraversion,’ ‘agreeableness,’ and ‘conscientiousness.’

Les connaissances sont limitées sur l'importance des traits de personnalité par rapport au bien-être subjectif et à la satisfaction au travail chez les travailleurs indépendants. L'objectif de cet article est d'évaluer si le rapport entre les cinq grands (Big Five) facteurs de personnalité (extraversion, agréabilité de caractère, conscience professionnelle, stabilité émotionnelle et ouverture d'esprit) et le bien-être subjectif et la satisfaction au travail diffère, chez les travailleurs indépendants, de celui qui est observé chez les employés permanents. Les données proviennent d'une enquête conduite en Suède, composée d'échantillons représentatifs de travailleurs indépendants (n = 2483) et d'employés permanents (n = 2642). Les traits de personnalité ont été mesurés sur une échelle en dix traits (TIPI). Nos résultats montrent que les différences entre les travailleurs indépendants et les employés permanents sont minimes, en ce qui concerne les associations entre les traits de personnalité et le bien-être subjectif. D'autre part, concernant la satisfaction au travail, notre enquête révèle un rapport beaucoup plus prononcé chez les travailleurs indépendants que chez les employés permanents. Pour les travailleurs indépendants, chaque trait de personnalité, à l'exception de « l'ouverture à l'expérience » a un rapport positif significatif avec la satisfaction au travail. Par comparaison, seules « l'extraversion » et « la stabilité émotionnelle » sont significativement corrélées à la satisfaction au travail chez les employés permanents. De ce fait, le statut de travailleur indépendant semble être particulièrement bénéfique aux personnes ayant obtenu un score élevé pour « l'extraversion », « l'agréabilité » et « la conscience professionnelle ».

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Notes

1. Given the relatively short scale of the dependent variables, analyses were also performed for all regressions using polytomous universal model (PLUM) ordinal regression. All these analyses produced the same substantial results.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Victor Berglund

Victor Berglund is a postgraduate student at the Department of Sociology, Umeå University. His main research interest concerns the intersection between personality and occupation.

Ingemar Johansson Sevä

Ingemar Johansson Sevä is a lecturer at the Department of Sociology, Umeå University. His research areas include the welfare state, public opinion, and self-employment.

Mattias Strandh

Mattias Strandh is a professor at the Department of Social work, Umeå University. His main research areas are the labor market, well-being, and health.

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