The Machine System of Digital Labor Platforms and the Algorithm as Transmitting Mechanism

Figures & data

Table 1. Characteristics of Nonstandard Work Arrangements. Adapted from Kalleberg (2006, 138).

Type of Work Arrangement	Dimensions of Work Arrangements
	Who is the de jure employer?	Who is the de facto employer?	Is continued employment by de jure employer assumed?	Is continued employment by de facto employer assumed?	Who directs the work?
Day Labor	Organization A	Organization A	No	No	Organization A
Temporary Help Agency	Agency	Organization A	Sometimes	No	Organization A
Contract Company	Contract Company	Organization A	Yes	No	Contract Company
Independent, Contracting, Self-Employment	Self	Client(s)	Yes	No	Self
Platform Work	Self	Organizations A, B, C … (through platform)	Yes	No (But assume platform access)	Algorithm

Kalleberg, A. L. 2006. “Nonstandard Employment Relations and Labor Market Inequality: Cross-national Patters.” In Inequalities of the World, ed. G. Theborn, 136–62. London: Verso.

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