Pyrogenic temperature affects the particle size of biochar-supported nanoscaled zero valent iron (nZVI) and its silver removal capacity

Figures & data

Table 1. Major elemental composition and surface area of BBL, BBH, nZVI/BBL, and nZVI/BBH.

	C	N	Fe	CO2 DFT surface area (SA)	DFT pore vol (des. leg)
	Mass (%)			m^2 g^−1	cc g^−1
BBL	73.93	0.37	<0.02	328.1	0.091
BBH	83.70	0.36	<0.02	507.5	0.136
nZVI/BBL	65.30	0.31	14.4	302.1	0.084
nZVI/BBH	70.95	0.33	11.9	421.6	0.113

Figure 1. XRD diffraction patterns of BBL, BBH, nZVI/BBL and nZVI/BBH.

Figure 2. SEM topography (a, d), EDS elemental distribution map (b, e), and EDS spectra (c, f) of nZVI/BBL (a–c) and nZVI/BBH (d–f).

Figure 3. TEM with 25,000× (a, c) and 100,000× (b, d) magnification for nZVI/BBH (a, b) and nZVI/BBL (c, d).

Figure 4. Ag⁺ removal isotherm by BBL, BBH, nZVI/BBL and nZVI/BBH.

Table 2. Best-fit Langmuir model parameters for isotherms of Ag⁺ removal by BBL, BBH, nZVI/BBL, and nZVI/BBH.

Biochar	Smax (g kg^−1)	K (L g^−1)	R^2
BBL	28.26	1.0134	0.9250
BBH	26.72	0.0339	0.9380
nZVI/BBL	135.61	0.3645	0.9700
nZVI/BBH	90.33	3.6749	0.9689

Figure 5. XRD diffraction patterns of Ag⁺ spent BBL, BBH, nZVI/BBL and nZVI/BBH.

Figure 6. SEM of Ag⁺ spent BBL (a), nZVI/BBL (b), BBH (c) and nZVI/BBH (d).