Typical school-to-work transitions of young adults with disabilities in Germany – a cohort study of recipients of vocational rehabilitation services after leaving school in 2008

Figures & data

Table 1. Characterisation of the six STWT clusters and the total sample (descriptive analysis, as %).

	Cluster 1: company-external – successful (n = 3007; 19%)	Cluster 2: company-external – delayed/problematic (n = 4717; 30%)	Cluster 3: in-firm training (n = 2404; 15%)	Cluster 4: unemployment/ programme career (n = 1740; 11%)	Cluster 5: sheltered workshops (n = 1143; 7%)	Cluster 6: gaps (n = 2712; 17%)	Total sample (n = 15 723)
Disability
Psychological/mental disability	5	14	11	18	61	31	19
Learning disability	79	70	63	71	28	54	65
Other disabilities	15	16	26	11	11	16	16
School qualification
No (general) school qualification	36	34	31	48	83	43	41
Lower secondary school qualification	57	57	52	45	14	44	49
Intermediate secondary school qualification	6	9	16	7	2	13	10
Regional structure of vocational training market
District in eastern Germany, low share of school leavers  and high unemployment	14	19	9	17	15	12	15
Dynamic urban districts in western Germany and surrounding areas	7	9	8	11	12	11	9
Districts in western Germany, large companies	22	26	23	31	30	30	26
Districts in western Germany, no large companies, low unemployment	46	37	48	30	35	37	39
No information	10	10	12	11	9	11	10
Reasons for ending VR
Rehabilitation still ongoing	2	12	4	7	1	10	7
Employment	79	28	44	7	2	6	32
Sickness/medical rehabilitation	1	5	2	7	2	11	5
Rejection/not taking-up rehabilitation	3	5	12	8	1	10	6
A lack of cooperation or poor labour market integration prospects	10	31	23	54	9	38	28
Other reasons	5	19	15	18	85	25	21
Receipt of basic income support
No	78	65	76	33	76	62	66
Yes	22	35	24	67	22	36	34
No information	0	0	0	1	1	2	1
Acceptance into VR
In 2008	80	60	63	55	82	50	64
After 2008	20	40	37	45	18	50	36
Sex
Female	28	42	29	37	40	51	38
Male	72	58	71	63	60	49	62
Nationality
German	88	90	86	85	91	85	88
Non-German	12	10	14	15	9	15	12
Age
Aged under 17	40	40	46	40	18	43	40
Aged 17 or older	60	60	54	60	82	57	60

Source: RehaPro, own calculation.

Figure 1. Typical STWTs for young people with disabilities leaving school in 2008 and subsequently participating in VR. Source: RehaPro, own illustration and calculation, 78-month observation period starting in July 2008 and ending in December 2014; Number of observations = 15 723.

Table 2. Characterisation of the six STWT clusters (multinomial logistic regression, AME, sig., standard error).

	Cluster 1: company-external – successful			Cluster 2: company-external – delayed/problematic			Cluster 3: in-firm training			Cluster 4: unemployment/ programme career			Cluster 5: sheltered workshops			Cluster 6: gaps
Disability
Reference: psychological/mental disability
Learning disability	0.16***		0.01	0.10***		0.01	0.07***		0.01	0.01		0.01	−0.21***		0.01	−0.13***		0.01
Other disabilities	0.09***		0.01	0.04***		0.01	0.13***		0.01	−0.02*		0.01	−0.16***		0.01	−0.08***		0.01
School qualification
Reference: no (general) school qual.
Lower secondary school qual.	0.07***		0.01	0.09***		0.01	0.04***		0.01	−0.03***		0.01	−0.11***		0.01	−0.06***		0.01
Intermediate secondary school qual.	0.05***		0.01	0.04*		0.02	0.15***		0.01	−0.05***		0.01	−0.13***		0.01	−0.06***		0.01
Regional vocational training market conditions
Reference: district in eastern Germany, low share of school leavers and high unemployment
Dynamic urban districts in western Germany and districts in surrounding areas	−0.04***		0.01	−0.10***		0.02	0.05***		0.01	0.01		0.01	0.02*		0.01	0.06***		0.01
Districts in western Germany, large companies	−0.03*		0.01	−0.07***		0.01	0.03***		0.01	0.01		0.01	0.00		0.01	0.05***		0.01
Districts in western Germany, no large companies. low unemployment	0.03**		0.01	−0.10***		0.01	0.08***		0.01	−0.03***		0.01	0.00		0.01	0.02*		0.01
Household in receipt of basic income support	−0.06***		0.01	0		0.01	−0.03***		0.01	0.09***		0.01	−0.02***		0	0.01		0.01
Acceptance into VR after 2008	−0.13***		0.01	0.04***		0.01	−0.01		0.01	0.06***		0.01	−0.04***		0	0.09***		0.01
Male	0.07***		0.01	−0.04***		0.01	0.06***		0.01	0.01		0.01	−0.01		0	−0.09***		0.01
German nationality	0.01		0.01	−0.03***		0.01	0.07***		0.01	−0.02**		0.01	0.01*		0.01	−0.05***		0.01
Aged 17 or above	0.01		0.01	0		0.01	−0.03***		0.01	0		0.01	0.04***		0	−0.02**		0.01
N	14 078

Source: RehaPro, own calculations.

*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, 95 confidence interval.

Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are particularly protected social data. According to §75 Book X of the German Social Code, the data are available on request from The Federal Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs via the Institute for Employment Research (department DIM). Data can only be analysed at the Institute for Employment Research or one of its locations outside Germany.