Sodium alginate-based MHD ternary nanofluid flow across a cone and wedge with exothermic/endothermic chemical reactions: A numerical study

Abstract

The use of magnetohydrodynamic ternary nanofluid flow for heat transfer is essential in various industrial and commercial applications. This work examines heat transfer over cone and wedge shapes with Sodium Alginate-based ternary nanofluid flow, considering the effects of activation energy and exothermic/endothermic processes. Using similarity transformations, the controlling set of partial differential equations is converted into a network of interconnected nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Numerical solutions using the Runge-Kutta Fehlberg 4^th 5^th order method and shooting approach offer insights into the effects of several dimensionless factors. The outcomes show that the magnetic field parameter is crucial in lowering fluid velocity within a cone more efficiently than a wedge. Due to activation energy considerations, the cone shape notably impacts heat transmission in exothermic reactions, but the wedge geometry is more effective in endothermic reactions. Concentration profiles rise with activation energy and fall with increasing chemical reaction rates. The rate of thermal distribution is 48.68% more in wedge than cone geometry for the exothermic case and 35.57% in the endothermic case while the rate of mass transfer is higher in cone geometry than wedge geometry, about 7.83% in the exothermic case and 19.27% in the endothermic case. The present study has many applications, including optimizing heat transfer processes in sectors such as thermal systems, energy generation, and electronics. Additionally, it may be used to guide the design of magnetically affected systems and provide assistance for uses in chemical engineering.

Keywords:

• Activation energy
• Casson fluid
• endothermic/exothermic chemical reaction
• magnetic field
• ternary nanofluid

Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available upon reasonable request from the authors.

Disclosure statement

Authors declares no conflict of interests.

Additional information

Funding

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University for funding this work through the Large Research Project under grant No. RGP2/159/45.