Can grape polyphenols affect glycation markers? A systematic review

Abstract

Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) favor inflammation and oxidative stress, playing a role in chronic diseases pathogenesis. Grape polyphenols exert antiglycative and antioxidant effects which may contribute to prevent chronic diseases. However, clinical evidence of grape polyphenols on chronic disease prevention and treatment by glycation markers modulation are limited. Therefore, we aimed to critically analyze studies about that topic to investigate the antiglycative power of dietary grape polyphenol, and to explore the molecular mechanism involved. This systematic review was conducted and reported according to PRISMA guidelines. The following search terms were used: “grape”, “extract”, “grape seed extract”, “grape skin extract”, “polyphenol extract”, “grape polyphenol(s)”, “grape juice”, “resveratrol”, “quercetin”, “catechin”, “epicatechin”, “procyanidin(s)”, and “anthocyanin(s)”. Seven studies were included. Glycated hemoglobin was not affected. The interventions duration may not have been enough to detect changes. Grape polyphenols reduced fructosamine and methylglyoxal (MGO) concentrations, and increased endogenous secretory RAGE (esRAGE) gene expression but did not affect the serum concentration. Resveratrol antiglycative effects are mainly due its ability to trap MGO and downregulate RAGE. In conclusion, grape polyphenols may have a positive impact on early glycation products, AGEs and esRAGE. Future studies are needed to explore how they modulate AGEs and receptors in chronic diseases.

Keywords:

• Advanced glycation end products
• chronic disease
• esRAGE
• glycated hemoglobin
• grape seed extract
• phenolic compound

Author’s contributions

All authors participated in the idea for the article and design of the work. OGLC and PVMR performed the literature search, studies selection, and assessment of the risk of bias. All authors performed the data analyses, manuscript writing, and critically revised the work. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

The authors thank Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG, Brazil), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Ensino Superior (CAPES, Brazil), and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, Brazil) for financial support.