A critical review on inflammatory bowel diseases risk factors, dietary nutrients regulation and protective pathways based on gut microbiota during recent 5 years

Abstract

The treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) has become a worldwide problem. Intestinal flora plays an important role in the development and progression of IBDs. Various risk factors (psychology, living habits, dietary patterns, environment) influence the structure and composition of the gut microbiota and contribute to the susceptibility to IBDs. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview on risk factors regulating intestinal microenvironment which was contributed to IBDs. Five protective pathways related to intestinal flora were also discussed. We hope to provide systemic and comprehensive insights of IBDs treatment and to offer theoretical guidance for personalized patients with precision nutrition.

Keywords:

• Inflammatory bowel disease
• risk factors
• protective pathways
• gut microbiota

Authors’ contributions

Pengkui Xia, Tao Hou, and Bin Li conceived the study and designed the search strategy, synthetized information and wrote the manuscript. Hong Jin, Yaqi Meng, Jing Li, Fang Geng and Fuchao Zhan revised the manuscript and were responsible for the supervision of the whole research. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Funding

This work was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 32172200) & Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Program No. 2662020SPPY001).