California Community Colleges Produce Positive Employment Outcomes: Results from the Career Technical Education Outcomes Survey

Figures & data

Table 1. Descriptive statistics on COMIS population and CTEOS sample.

	2014	2015	2016
COMIS descriptive statistics
Number of participating colleges	35	39	68
COMIS population size	54404	57708	104441
Students not reporting SSN (%)	5.0	6.3	6.2
Mean age (SD)	29.4 (15.8)	29.2 (13.2)	29.4 (11.7)
Gender (% female)	52.0	49.9	49.3
Ethnicity (%)
White	36.7	38.5	34.5
Latino/Latina	26.6	26.6	30.3
Asian	18.8	19.8	18.1
Black or African American	6.8	5.4	6.4
Native Hawaiian or  Pacific Islander	0.6	0.5	0.5
Multi-ethnic	2.3	3.3	3.4
CTEOS descriptive statistics
CTEOS Response rate (% of COMIS population)	19.8	25.0	31.0
Email Response rate (% of respondents)	21.2	29.0	21.3
US Mail response rate (% of respondents)	23.3	16.7	15.3
Phone response rate (% of respondents)	55.5	54.3	63.4
Self-employed (% of respondents currently employed)	9.3	9.0	9.5
Out-of-state (% of respondents currently employed)	6.3	7.0	6.7
Satisfaction with program (% of respondents)
Very satisfied	53.0	52.9	52.8
Satisfied	37.8	38.7	37.0
Neither Satisfied nor dissatisfied	5.6	5.2	5.6
Dissatisfied	2.4	2.2	2.0
Very dissatisfied	1.3	1.0	1.0

Table 2. Median wage earnings before and after schooling.

		Average hourly wage (median)
		Before schooling	After schooling	Difference (median)	Wilcoxon signed-rank
2014	Transfer	$11.00	$16.00	$5.00	Z = 27.1***
	Non-transfer	$15.00	$20.00	$5.00	Z = 34.9***
2015	Transfer	$12.50	$20.00	$7.50	Z = 37.5***
	Non-transfer	$15.00	$20.00	$5.00	Z = 17.6***
2016	Transfer	$11.50	$16.00	$4.50	Z = 38.8***
	Non-transfer	$15.00	$20.40	$5.40	Z = 63.6***

***p < .001.

Table 3. Wage differences between post-schooling and pre-schooling, disaggregated by relatedness of job to feld of study.

	Relatedness of job to field of study
	Very close	Close	Not close	ANOVA	Kruskal-Wallis
2014	$9.19	$5.09	$3.03	F(2, 4494) = 78.47***	X^2(2) = 379.5
2015	$9.23	$5.41	$3.65	F(2, 5400) = 103.9***	X^2(2) = 395.7
2016	$10.13	$6.34	$4.40	F(2, 11757) = 240.3***	X^2(2) = 780.1

***p < .001.

Figure 1. Wage differences between post-schooling and pre-schooling, disaggregated by relatedness of job to field of study.