RELATIONAL LISTENING, LISTENING BARRIERS, AND LISTENING FACILITATION IN FINNISH ADMINISTRATIVE CARE ORDER PREPARATION HEARINGS

Figures & data

TABLE 1. Barriers and facilitators of client’s listening in an administrative hearing.

Barriers affecting the listening of clients in the administrative hearing	Practices that social workers use to facilitate the client’s listening
Systemic listening barriers	System-related practices to facilitate listening
Institutional listening barriers
Formal communication situation	The lessened formality provided by the system itself
Changes in social worker personnel	Communicating the attempt to ensure the continuation of the worker-client relationship
Interpersonal listening barriers
Asymmetric communication relations	Implementing power responsibly
Intrapersonal listening barriers
Unfamiliarity of the process	Explaining the procedural phases
Lack of information	Explaining the matters, repeating the reasonings
Culture-related listening barriers	Culture-related practices to facilitate listening
Listening barriers related to family culture
Negative attitudes	Neutralizing family power relations
Lack of communication Spiral of silence	Wording the dynamics of family communication
Intrapersonal listening barriers
Loyalty	Understanding the motives of the client
Previous experiences	Supporting the parent-child relationship
Simultaneous need to maintain control and the sense of parenthood in a contradictory situation	Emphasizing shared parenthood Believing in the will of parenthood
Emotional listening barriers	Emotion-related practices to facilitate listening
Intrapersonal listening barriers
Difficulties in accepting the situation	Expressing understanding regarding the situation of the client
The inability to manage intense emotional reactions related to the situation	Verbal and nonverbal support of emotion management
Lack of trust	Building and maintaining trust
Inability to make decisions	Explaining the matters, repeating the reasonings Being supportive Accepting variance of opinion
Health and developmental stage-related listening barriers	Health and developmental stage-related practices to facilitate listening
Mental health issues	Considering and supporting the resilience of the client
Lack of social competence	Anticipating the client’s needs Modifying verbal expressions to match the cognitive development level of the client
Age-related early stage of cognitive development

TABLE 2. Dimensions of social workers’ professional listening.

Behavioral dimension
Ethical dimension
Cognitive dimension	Affective dimension
Contextual dimension