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Original Articles

Density and Porosity: Literature Data Compilation for Foodstuffs

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Pages 715-746 | Received 18 Mar 2005, Accepted 15 Jan 2006, Published online: 18 Apr 2007

Figures & data

Figure 1 (a) Number of papers, concerning structural properties data (true density, apparent density and porosity) of various foodstuffs, published in food engineering and food science journals during recent years. (b) Accumulation of published papers, concerning structural properties data (true density, apparent density, and porosity) of various foodstuffs, versus time.

Figure 1 (a) Number of papers, concerning structural properties data (true density, apparent density and porosity) of various foodstuffs, published in food engineering and food science journals during recent years. (b) Accumulation of published papers, concerning structural properties data (true density, apparent density, and porosity) of various foodstuffs, versus time.

Figure 2 True density data for all foods at various (a) moisture contents and (b) temperatures.

Figure 2 True density data for all foods at various (a) moisture contents and (b) temperatures.

Figure 3 Apparent density data for all foods at various (a) moisture contents and (b) temperatures.

Figure 3 Apparent density data for all foods at various (a) moisture contents and (b) temperatures.

Figure 4True density data versus apparent density for all foods.

Figure 4True density data versus apparent density for all foods.

Figure 5 Porosity data for all foods at various (a) moisture contents and (b) temperatures.

Figure 5 Porosity data for all foods at various (a) moisture contents and (b) temperatures.

Figure 6 Histogram of observed values of true density in food materials.

Figure 6 Histogram of observed values of true density in food materials.

Figure 7 Histogram of observed values of apparent density in food materials.

Figure 7 Histogram of observed values of apparent density in food materials.

Figure 8 (a) Histogram of observed values of porosity in continuous food materials. (b) Histogram of observed values of porosity in granular food materials.

Figure 8 (a) Histogram of observed values of porosity in continuous food materials. (b) Histogram of observed values of porosity in granular food materials.

Table 1 Apparent density, true density and porosity of foods versus moisture and temperature. Ranges of variation of available data

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