Rheological Characteristics of Carob Pekmez

Figures & data

Table 1 The chemical and physical characteristics of carob pekmez

Parameters	Values
Total dry matter	75.90% w/w
Soluble dry matter	72% w/w
Moisture	24.10%
Total sugar	71.20 g 100 g^−1
Invert sugar	49.10 g 100 g^−1
Sucrose	22.11 g 100 g^−1
Ash	2.48% w/w
Protein	0.33% w/w
Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)	21.32 mg L^−1
pH	5.09
Titratable acidity (citric acid)	0.60% w/w
Color	L: 19.35 a: +4.35 b: −6.01

Table 2 Rheological parameters (± SE) of carob pekmez obtained by Power law (σ = K γⁿ) and Herschel-Bulkley models (σ = σ₀ + K γⁿ) at different temperatures

	Power law			Herschel Bulkley
Temperature (°C)	Flow behavior index (n)	Consistency index [K (Pa s^n)]	r ^2	Yield value [σ0 (Pa)]	Flow behavior index (n)	Consistency index [K (Pa s^n)]	r ^2
30	1.017 ± 1.1 × 10^−5	0.786 ± 3.5 × 10^−5	1.000	0.277 ± 0.161	0.992 ± 5.8 × 10^−6	0.870 ± 0.024	0.999
40	1.056 ± 1.7 × 10^−5	0.363 ± 5.5 × 10^−5	0.999	0.519 ± 0.171	0.989 ± 1.13 × 10^−5	0.487 ± 0.026	0.999
50	1.107 ± 2.8 × 10^−5	0.217 ± 9.1 × 10^−5	0.998	0.380 ± 0.135	1.018 ± 1.27 × 10^−5	0.315 ± 0.019	0.999
60	1.391 ± 1.27 × 10^−4	0.029 ± 4.2 × 10^−4	0.975	0.449 ± 0.078	1.042 ± 1.69 × 10^−4	0.127 ± 0.010	0.999
70	1.726 ± 2.86 × 10^−4	0.006 ± 9.3 × 10^−4	0.924	0.374 ± 0.340	1.080 ± 9.47 × 10^−5	0.088 ± 0.040	0.998

Figure 1 The flow behavior of carob pekmez at different temperatures and shear rates.