Natural Antioxidants in Edible Flours of Selected Small Millets

Figures & data

Table 1 Total carotenoid (μg/100g) in small millets

Finger millet		Little millet		Foxtail millet		Proso millet
Varieties	Mean ± SD	Varieties	Mean ± SD	Varieties	Mean ± SD	Varieties	Mean ± SD
MR 1	316 ± 7	CO 3	104 ± 3	TNAU 209	191 ± 25	TNAU 149	518 ± 37
IND 5	298 ± 16	TNAU:101	93 ± 5	CO 7	190 ± 3	TNAU 143	414 ± 16
IND 8	286 ± 12	CO 2	87 ± 5	CO 5	187 ± 13	CO-14	329 ± 9
IND 11	270 ± 9	TNAU:81	77 ± 5	CO 6	174 ± 14	TNAU 137	318 ± 6
IND 9	246 ± 7	TNAU:99	76 ± 7	TNAU 213	164 ± 11	TNAU 151	249 ± 5
GPU 45	212 ± 16	TNAU:91	57 ± 4	TNAU 193	126 ± 3
L 5	211 ± 10	Paiyur-1	51 ± 8
HR 911	201 ± 12
GPU 28	166 ± 6
GPU 26	158 ± 18
MR 6	134 ± 7
PR 202	112 ± 9
IND 15	99 ± 9
IND 7	78 ± 2
Average	199 ± 77^a		78 ± 19^b		173 ± 25^a		366 ± 104^c
Values with different superscripts in row significantly different at p < 0.05.

Figure 1 HPLC chromatogram of (1a) standard β-carotene at 14.8 minutes; (1b) ragi; and (1c) proso millet carotenoids.

Table 2 Total antioxidant capacity [mM TE (tocopherol equivalent)/g] in different small millets

Finger millet		Little millet		Foxtail millet		Proso millet
Varieties	Mean ± SD	Varieties	Mean ± SD	Varieties	Mean ± SD	Varieties	Mean ± SD
MR 1	24.7 ± 2.5	CO 3	5.4 ± 0.4	TNAU 209	5.0 ± 0.1	TNAU 149	5.0 ± 0.2
IND 5	15.3 ± 0.1	TNAU 101	3.7 ± 0.1	CO 7	4.9 ± 0.1	TNAU 143	6.3 ± 0.4
IND 8	13.0 ± 0.2	CO 2	5.1 ± 0.1	CO 5	5.1 ± 0.1	CO 14	5.0 ± 0.6
IND 11	7.4 ± 0.2	TNAU 81	5.1 ± 0.2	CO 6	5.2 ± 0.2	TNAU 137	4.2 ± 0.5
IND 9	13.4 ± 1.0	TNAU 99	3.1 ± 0.3	TNAU 213	4.5 ± 0.5	TNAU 151	4.8 ± 0.4
GPU 45	11.6 ± 0.5	TNAU 91	6.3 ± 0.2	Tenai 193	5.7 ± 0.2
L 5	13.7 ± 0.1	Paiyur 1	4.4 ± 0.2
HR 911	21.8 ± 0.3
GPU 28	14.0 ± 0.3
GPU 26	10.7 ± 0.5
MR 6	27.0 ± 0.5
PR 202	10.9 ± 0.1
IND 15	17.0 ± 0.4
IND 7	14.0 ± 0.6
Average	15.3 ± 0.6^a		4.7 ± 1.1^b		5.0 ± 0.4^b		5.1 ± 0.8^b
Values with different superscripts in row significantly different at p < 0.001.

Figure 2 HPLC chromatograms of (2a) standard; (2b) finger millet; (2c) proso millet; (2d) foxtail millet; and (2e) little millet, showing 1- δ, 2- γ, 3- α tocotrienols; 4-δ, 5− γ, 6− α tocopherols.

Table 3 Content of Tocopherols (mg/100 g) in small millets (Mean ± SD)

Sample		Tocopherols
		δ	γ	α	Total
Finger millet	(IND 8)	0.020 ± 0.005^a	2.25 ± 0.16^a	1.80 ± 0.13^a	4.1 ± 0.2^a
Finger millet	(IND 11)	0.008 ± 0.001^b	2.27 ± 0.21^a	1.38 ± 0.10^b	3.7 ± 0.3^ac
Little millet	(Paiyur)	0.630 ± 0.1^c	0.52 ± 0.08^b	0.15 ± 0.02^c	1.3 ± 0.2^b
Foxtail millet	(TNAU 213)	0.030 ± .01^ad	0.95 ± 0.09^c	0.18 ± 0.02^d	1.2 ± 0.008^b
Prosomillet	(TNAU 143)	0.720 + 0.1^c	2.60 + 0.10^d	0.31 + 0.10^e	3.6 ± 0.1^c
Matter in the parenthesis refers to the names of the varieties.
Values with different superscripts in column significantly different at p < 0.05.