Figures & data
Table 1 Selected publications regarding foam analysis of beer
Table 2 Selected publications regarding colloidal stability analysis of beer
Table 3 Selected publications regarding colour and transparency analysis of beer
Table 4 Selected publications regarding body analysis of beer
Briggs
,
D.E
,
Boulton
,
C.A.
,
Brookes
,
P.A.
and
Stevens
,
R.
2004
.
“
Chemical and physical properties of beer
”
. In
Brewing Science and practice
,
662
–
712
.
New York
:
CRC Press LLC
.
Klopper
,
W.J.
,
Angelino
,
S.A.G.F.
,
Tuning
,
B.
and
Vermeire
,
H.A.
1986
.
Organic acids and glycerol in. beer
.
J. Inst. Brew.
,
92
:
311
–
318
.
Lewis
,
M.J.
and
Bamforth
,
C.W.
2006
.
Essays in Brewing Science
,
169
New York
:
Springer
.
Schugerl
,
K.
1991
.
Bioreactor Engineering: Characteristic features of bioreactors
,
418
London
:
John Wiley & Sons
.
Evans
,
D.E.
and
Sheehan
,
M.C.
2002
.
Don't be fobbed off, the substance of beer foam
.
J. Amer. Soc. Brew. Chem.
,
60
:
47
–
57
.
Slack
,
P.T.
and
Bamforth
,
C.W.
1983
.
The fractionation of polypeptides from barley and beer by hydrophobic interaction chromatography: the influence of their hydrophobicity on foam stability
.
J. Inst. Brew.
,
89
:
397
–
401
.
Evans
,
D.J.
,
Schmedding
,
D.J.M.
,
Bruijnje
,
A.
,
Heideman
,
T.
,
King
,
B.M.
and
Groebeek
,
N.M.
1999
.
Flavor impact of aged beers
.
J. Inst. Brew.
,
105
:
301
–
307
.
Dale
,
C.J.
1990
.
Beer Polypeptides
.
Fermentation
,
3
:
217
–
229
.
Bamforth
,
C.W.
,
Kapp
,
G.R.
and
Smythe
,
J.E.
2001
.
The measurement of hydrophobic polypeptides in beer using the fluorochrome 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate
.
Food Chem.
,
75
:
377
–
383
.
Hepworth
,
N.J.
,
Boyd
,
J.W.
,
Hammond
,
R.M.
and
Varely
,
J.
2003
.
Modelling the effect of liquid motion on bubble nucleation during beer dispense
.
Chem. Eng. Sci.
,
58
:
4071
–
4084
.
Lewis
,
M.J.
and
Younger
,
T.W.
1995
.
“
Beer quality and flavor
”
. In
Brewing
,
232
–
242
.
London
:
Chapman and Hall
.
Morris
,
T.M.
1987
.
The relationship between haze and the size of particles in beer
.
J. Inst. Brew.
,
93
:
13
–
17
.
Svendsen
,
R.
and
Lund
,
W.
2000
.
Speciation of Cu, Fe and Mn in beer using ion-exchange separation and size-exclusion chromatography in combination with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry
.
Analyst
,
125
:
1933
–
1937
.
Bellido-Milla
,
D.
,
Moreno-Perez
,
J.M.
and
Hernandez-Artiga
,
M.P.
2000
.
Differentiation and classification of beers with flame atomic spectrometry and molecular absorption spectrometry and sample preparation assisted by microwaves
.
Spectrochim. Acta Part B
,
55
:
855
–
864
.
Matuciewicz
,
H.
and
Kopras
,
M. J.
1997
.
Methods for Improving the Sensitivity in Atom Trapping Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry: Analytical Scheme for the Direct Determination of Trace Elements in Beer
.
Anal. At. Spectrom
,
12
:
1287
–
1291
.
Galceran
,
M.T.
,
Puignou
,
L.
and
Diez
,
M.
1996
.
Comparison of different electroosmotic flow modifiers in the analysis of inorganic anions by capillary electrophoresis
.
J. Chromatogr. A
,
732
:
167
–
174
.
Bondoux
,
G.
,
Jandik
,
P.
and
Jones
,
W. R.
1992
.
New approach to the analysis of low levels of anions in water
.
J. Chromatogr. A
,
602
:
79
–
88
.
Lahdesmaki
,
I.
,
Scampavia
,
L.
and
Beeson
,
C.
2000
.
Ruzicka, Detection of Oxygen Consumption of Cultured Adherenet Beads by Injection Spectroscopy
.
J. Anal. Chem.
,
71
:
5248
–
5355
.
Sikorska
,
E.
,
Gorecki
,
T.
,
Khmelinskii
,
I.V.
,
Sikorski
,
M.
and
Keukeleire
,
D.
2006
.
Monitoring beer during storage by fluorescence spectroscopy
.
Food Chem.
,
96
:
632
–
639
.
Cornell
,
J.
2002
.
Beer color using Tristimulus analysis
.
J. Am. Soc. Brew.
,
60
:
215
–
222
.
Gorinstein
,
S.
,
Caspi
,
A.
,
Zemser
,
M.
and
Trakhtenberg
,
S.
2000
.
Comparative contents of some phenolics in beer, red and white wines
.
Nutr. Res.
,
20
:
131
–
139
.
Khatib
,
A.
,
Wilson
,
E.G.
,
Kim
,
H.K.
,
Lefeber
,
A.W.M.
,
Erkelens
,
C.
,
Choi
,
Y.H.
and
Verporte
,
R.
2006
.
Application of two-dimensional J-resolved nuclear magnetic resonace spectroscopy to differentiation of beer
.
Anal. Chim. Acta
,
559
:
264
–
270
.
Jin
,
D.R.
,
Miyahara
,
T.
,
Oe
,
T.
and
Toyo' oka
,
T.
1999
.
Determination of D-amino acids labeled with fluorescent chiral reagents, R(−)- and S(+)-4-(3-isothiocyanatopyrrolidin-1-yl)-7-(N, N-dimethylaminosulfonyl)-2,1,3-benzoxadiazoles, in biological and food samples by liquid chromatography
.
Anal. Biochem.
,
269
:
124
–
132
.
Cortacero-Ramirez
,
S.
,
de Castro
,
M.H.B.
,
Segura-carretero
,
A.
,
Cruces-Blanco
,
C.
and
Fernandez-Gutierrez
,
A.
2003
.
Analysis of beer components by capillary electrophoretic methods
.
Trends Anal. Chem.
,
22
:
440
–
445
.
Kutlan
,
D.
and
Molnar-Perl
,
I.
2003
.
New aspects of the simultaneous analysis of amino acids and amines as their o-phthaldialdehyde derivatives by high-performance liquid chromatography: Analysis of wine, beer and vinegar
.
J. Chromatogr. A
,
987
:
311
–
322
.
Thorsten
,
E.
and
Brückner
,
H.
2000
.
Chromatographic determination of amino acid enantiomers in beers and raw materials used for their manufacture
.
J. Chromatogr. A
,
881
:
81
–
91
.
Hayes
,
P.J.
,
Smyth
,
M.R.
and
McMurrough
,
I.
1987
.
Comparison of electrochemical and ultraviolet detection methods in HPLC for the determination of phenolic compounds commonly found in beer
.
Analyst
,
112
:
1197
–
1204
.
Hardwick
,
W.A.
1995
.
“
The properties of beer
”
. In
Handbook of brewing
,
Edited by:
Hardwick
,
W.A.
551
–
586
.
New York
:
Marcel Dekker
.
Faber
,
E.J.
,
van der Haak
,
M.J.
,
Kmerling
,
J.P.
and
Viegenthart
,
J.F.G.
2001
.
Structure of exopolysaccharide produced by Streptococcus thermophilus S3
.
Carboh. Res.
,
331
:
173
–
182
.
Marshall
,
V.M.
,
Dunn
,
H.
,
Elvin
,
M.
,
Mclay
,
N.
,
Gu
,
Y.
and
Laws
,
A.P.
2001
.
Structural charactrisation of exopolysaccharide produced by Streptococcus thermophilus EU20
.
Carboh. Res.
,
331
:
413
–
422
.
Qureshi
,
A.A.
,
Burger
,
W.C.
and
Prentice
,
N. J.
1979
.
Polyphenols and pyrazines in beer during aging Ame
.
Soc. Brew. Chem.
,
37
:
153
–
160
.
Whittle
,
N.
,
Eldridge
,
H.
,
Bartley
,
J.
and
Gregory
,
O.
1999
.
Identification of the polyphenols in barely and beer by HPLC/MC and HPLC/electrochemical detection
.
J. Inst. Brew.
,
105
:
89
–
99
.
Floridi
,
L.
,
Montanari
,
L.
,
Marconi
,
O.
and
Fantozzi
,
P.
2003
.
Determination of free phenolic acids in wort and beer by coulometric array detection
.
J. Agric. Food. Chem.
,
51
:
1548
–
1554
.
Nardini
,
M.
and
Ghiselli
,
A.
2004
.
Determination of free and bound phenolic acids in beer
.
Food Chem.
,
84
:
137
–
143
.
Lunte
,
C.E.
,
Wheeler
,
J.F.
and
Heineman
,
W.R.
1988
.
Determination of selected phenolic acids in beer extract
.
Analyst
,
113
:
95
–
98
.
Garcia
,
A.A.
,
Grande
,
B.C.
and
Gandara
,
J.S.
2004
.
Development of a rapid method based on solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography with ultraviolet absorbance detection for the determination of polyphenols in alcohol-free beers
.
J. Chromat. A
,
1054
:
175
–
180
.
Jandera
,
P.
,
Skerikova
,
V.
,
Rehova
,
L.
,
Hajek
,
L.
,
Baldrianova
,
G.
,
Skopova
,
V.
,
Kellner
,
A.
and
Horna
,
A.
2005
.
RP-HPLC analysis of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in beverages and plant extracts using a CoulArray detector
.
J. Sep. Sci.
,
28
:
1005
–
1022
.
Lapcik
,
O.
,
Hill
,
M.
,
Hampl
,
R.
,
Wahala
,
K.
and
Adlercreutz
,
H.
1998
.
Identification of isoflavonoids in beer
.
Steroids
,
63
:
14
–
20
.
Dadic
,
M.
and
Belleau
,
G.
1976
.
characterized acylated. procyanidins from beer
.
J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem.
,
34
:
158
–
165
.
Masselter
,
S.M.
and
Zemann
,
A.
1995
.
Separation of cresols using co-electroosmotic capillary electrophoresis
.
J. Anal. Chem.
,
67
:
1047
–
1053
.
Zemann
,
A.J.
and
Volgger
,
D.
1997
.
Separation of priority pollutant phenols with co-electroosmotic capillary electrophoresis
.
J. Anal. Chem.
,
69
:
3243
–
3250
.
Cummings
,
E.A.
,
Linquette-Mailley
,
S.
,
Mailley
,
P.
,
Cosnier
,
S.
,
Eggins
,
B.R.
and
McAdams
,
E.T.
2001
.
A comparison of amperometric screen-printed, carbon electrodes and their application to the analysis of phenolic compounds present in beers
.
Talanta
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:
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–
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.
De Pascual-Teresa
,
S.
,
Santos-Buelga
,
C.
and
Rivas-Gonzalo
,
J.C.
2000
.
Quantitative analysis of flavan-3-ols in Spanish foodstuffs and beverages
.
J. Agric. Food Chem.
,
48
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5331
–
5337
.
Garcia-Sanchez
,
F.
,
Carnero
,
C.
and
Heredia
,
A.
1988
.
Fluorometric determination of p-coumaric acid in beer
.
J. Agric. Food Chem.
,
36
:
80
–
82
.
Pusecker
,
K.
,
Albert
,
K.
and
Bayer
,
E.
1999
.
Investigation of hop and beer bitter acids by coupling of high-performance liquid chromatography to nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
.
J. Chromat. A
,
836
:
245
–
252
.
Gorinstein
,
S.
,
Weisz
,
M.
,
Zemser
,
M.
,
Tilis
,
K.
,
Stiller
,
A.
,
Flam
,
I.
and
Gat
,
J.
1993
.
Spectroscopic analysis of polyphenols in white wines
.
J. Ferment. Bioeng.
,
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.
Vanbeneden
,
N.
,
Delvaux
,
F.
and
Develux
,
F.R.
2006
.
Determination of hydroxycinnamic acids and volatile phenols in wort and beer by isocratic high-performance liquid chromatography using electrochemical detection
.
J. Chromat. A
,
1136
:
237
–
242
.