Antioxidant Activity of Artisanal Honey From Tabasco, Mexico

Figures & data

Table 1 Collection location, description and time of collection, (High Season, HS; Low Season, LS) of artisanal honey samples from Tabasco State, Mexico

Sample code	Description	Collection season	Location
A	Cacao honey	HS, 2005	Finca Cholula, Comalcalco
B	Cacao honey	LS, 2005	Finca Cholula, Comalcalco
C	Coconut honey	LS, 2006	Comalcalco
D	Multifloral	LS, 2005	Ejido Victoria, Tenosique
E	Citrus	HS, 2006	Huimanguillo
F	Multifloral	LS, 2005	Ejido Victoria, Tenosique
G	Multifloral	HS, 2005	Ejido Estapilla, Tenosique
H	Multifloral	HS, 2005	Ejido Esperanza, Tenosique
I	Multifloral	HS, 2006	El Jacalito, Centro Tular, Comalcalco
J	Cacao, Coconut	HS, 2006	Colpos, Cardenas
K	Multifloral	LS, 2005	Tacotalpa

Figure 1 Total phenolic content of artisanal Tabasco honey samples (Refer to Table 1 for sample identification [A–K].) expressed as gallic acid equivalent.

Figure 2 Total flavonoid content of artisanal Tabasco honey (Refer to Table 1 for sample identification [A–K].) expressed as mg rutin equivalent.

Figure 3 Antioxidant activity of (a) ■ water solutions and (b) □ methanolic solutions of Tabasco honey samples in reaction with DPPH radical. (Refer to Table 1 for sample identification [A–K].)

Figure 4 Antioxidant activity of aqueous solutions of honey samples by FRAP assay. (Refer to Table 1 for sample identification [A–K].)

Table 2 Antioxidant activity of Tabasco honey samples when applied to lard (2, 4, and 8 g/100 g) measured by the Rancimat method

	Antioxidant activity Index (AAI)
	Honey concentration (g sample/100 g lard)**
Sample code*	8	4	2
A	1.60 ± 0.01^a	1.50 ± 0.01^a	1.23 ± 0.05^a
B	1.73 ± 0.00^b	1.20 ± 0.01^b	1.13 ± 0.01^b
C	1.24 ± 0.01^c	1.12 ± 0.03^c	1.00 ± 0.01^c
D	1.69 ± 0.01^d	1.19 ± 0.04^bc	1.03 ± 0.06^c
E	1.57 ± 0.16^a	1.14 ± 0.06^bc	1.08 ± 0.08^c
F	1.27 ± 0.01^e	1.15 ± 0.02^cd	1.02 ± 0.01^c
G	1.29 ± 0.01^c	1.21 ± 0.01^b	1.17 ± 0.02^a
H	1.32 ± 0.00^f	1.20 ± 0.02^b	1.15 ± 0.02^ad
I	1.80 ± 0.17^g	1.47 ± 0.05^a	1.35 ± 0.00^e
J	1.65 ± 0.04^a	1.23 ± 0.01^b	1.12 ± 0.01^d
K	1.35 ± 0.06^f	1.17 ± 0.06^c	1.06 ± 0.0.3^c
*Within columns, values followed by the same superscript are not significantly different (p > 0.05) from other honey samples according to Tukey's multiple range test.
** There was no significant differences (p > 0.05) between honey sample extracts at a fixed concentration (between columns).