Evaluation of Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Activity, and Nutritional Composition of Cordia evolutior (Clarke) Gamble

Figures & data

Table 1 Extraction yield, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content of C. evolutior extracts (n = 3)

Part of C. evolutior	Extraction yield (% w/w)	Total phenolic content (mg GAE/g extract)	Total flavonoid content (μg RE/g extract)
Leaf	16.29 ± 2.15^a	25.40 ± 0.34^a	69.70 ± 3.37^a
Bark	23.78 ± 2.09^b	10.25 ± 0.40^b	9.68 ± 0.74^b
Fruit	13.66 ± 0.52^c	2.85 ± 0.21^c	2.52 ± 0.74^c
Values with different superscript letters within the same column are statistically different (p < 0.05).

Table 2 DPPH and hydroxyl radicals scavenging activity of C. evolutior methanolic extracts (n = 3)

C. evolutior extracts	DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 [mg/mL])	Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (g DMSOE/g extract)
Leaf	1.40 ± 0.01^a	145.90 ± 22.04^a
Bark	2.12 ± 0.22^b	54.57 ± 0.35^b
Fruit	26.41 ± 2.83^c	38.37 ± 2.42^c
Values with different superscript letters within the same column are statistically different (p < 0.05).

Figure 1 Antioxidant activity of Cordia evolutior extracts through BCB assay.

Figure 2 Hydroperoxides inhibitory activity of C. evolutior extracts through ferric thiocyanate test.

Figure 3 Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances inhibitory activity of C. evolutior extracts measured by thiobarbituric acid test.

Table 3 Proximate composition, minerals, and fatty acids of the C. evolutio r fruit

Proximate composition (%)		Minerals (mg/100 g)		Fatty acids composition (%)
Moisture	6.95 ± 0.03	Ca	1774.82 ± 95.86	Caprylic acid	0.07 ± 0.011
Crude lipid	3.86 ± 0.04	K	1322.82 ± 35.81	Capric acid	0.90 ± 0.01
Crude protein	23.28 ± 0.37	Mg	361.51 ± 1.82	Myristic acid	0.76 ± 0.01
Crude ash	10.47 ± 0.35	Fe	16.81 ± 0.55	Palmitic acid	11.78 ± 0.07
Carbohydrate	11.32 ± 0.23	Na	14.62 ± 6.10	Palmitoleic acid	2.07 ± 0.29
Fiber	5.56 ± 0.05	Zn	4.12 ± 1.12	Stearic acid	4.34 ± 0.01
		Cu	0.75 ± 0.03	Oleic acid	08.46 ± 0.34
				Linoleic acid	30.39 ± 0.93
				Linolenic acid	33.14 ± 1.04
				Arachidic acid	0.21 ± 0.01
				Behenic acid	1.46 ± 0.16
				Others	6.41 ± 0.09
Results were mean ± SD (n = 3).

Table 4 Amino acid profile of C. evolutio r fruit

Amino acids (g/100 g protein)	C. evolutior fruit	Reference pattern^a
Histidine	6.8	1.9
Lysine	3.2	5.8
Leucine	9.7	6.6
Isoleucine	7.8	2.8
Methionine + Cysteine	2.2	2.5
Phenylalanine + Tyrosine	9.6	6.3
Threonine	7.2	3.4
Tryptophan	1.8	1.1
Valine	8.2	3.5
Amino acid reference pattern of protein for diets of children 2–5 years old. Values are % of protein. Each amino acid in the reference pattern was presumed to score a value equaling 100. Values for each cultivar are expressed relatively to the reference pattern.
^aSource: FAO/WHO (1985).