Applicability of Irradiation Detection Techniques and Quality Characterization of Cinnamon Powders Available in the Korean Market

Figures & data

Table 1  Photostimulated luminescence properties of various cinnamon powders available in Korean market

			(photon count/60 sec)
Sample	Unknown (1st measured)	Calibrated PSL^a (2nd measured)	PSL ratio^b (2nd measured/1st measured)
CP-1	287 ± 66^c (–)^d	11429 ± 3114 (+)	40 ± 6.3
CP-2	1462 ± 434 (M)	61913 ± 13730 (+)	43 ± 6.4
CP-3	250 ± 46 (–)	24057 ± 10736 (+)	96 ± 39.1
CP-4	435 ± 264 (–)	78535 ± 13509 (+)	236 ± 161.3
CP-5	322 ± 30 (–)	29844 ± 15924 (+)	94 ± 50.5
CP-6	338 ± 14 (–)	38307.3 ± 15388 (+)	114 ± 50.3
CP-7	390 ± 37 (–)	281741 ± 353200 (+)	671 ± 798.7
CP-8	319 ± 77 (–)	6022 ± 2400 (+)	21 ± 12.9
CP-9	695 ± 297 (–)	162711 ± 61950 (+)	286 ± 196.3
CP-10	318 ± 90 (–)	675 ± 157 (–)	2 ± 0.4

^aPSL values after re-irradiation dose of 1 kGy.

^bCalibrated PSL value/unknown PSL value.

^cMeans ± SD (n = 3).

^dThreshold value: T₁ = 700; T₂ = 5000; (–) < T₁; T₁ < (M) > T₂; (+) > T₂.

Figure 1  TL glow curves of various cinnamon powders available in the Korean market.

Figure 2  TL ratio (TL₁/TL₂) of various cinnamon powders available in the Korean market.

Table 2  Microbiological quality of various cinnamon powders available in Korean market

			(unit: CFU/g)
Sample	Total microorganism	Yeast and molds	Coliforms
CP-1	2.9 × 10^4	2.38 × 10^4	−^a
CP-2	2.85 × 10^4	2.58 × 10^4	−
CP-3	9.75 × 10^3	1.05 × 10^3	−
CP-4	2.28 × 10^4	1.05 × 10^4	−
CP-5	1.25 × 10^4	4.73 × 10^3	−
CP-6	1.01 × 10^5	9.53 × 10^4	−
CP-7	1.39 × 10^4	2.63 × 10^4	−
CP-8	2.35 × 10^3	1.36 × 10^3	−
CP-9	4.93 × 10^4	3.58 × 10^4	−
CP-10	5.0 × 10^2	−	−

^aNot detectable. (the minimum detection level as 20 CFU per g).

Figure 3  ESR spectra of various cinnamon powders available in the Korean market.

Table 3  Physicochemical qualities (moisture contents, pH and Hunter’s color value) of various cinnamon powders available in Korean market

			Hunter parameter^a
Sample	Moisture (%)	pH	L	a	b	△E
CP-1	9.58 ± 0.44^b	4.94 ± 0.02	56.74 ± 0.53	8.49 ± 0.39	20.34 ± 2.78	60.92 ± 0.53
CP-2	12.08 ± 0.54	5.04 ± 0.03	56.89 ± 0.87	6.87 ± 0.37	20.49 ± 1.28	60.87 ± 0.89
CP-3	9.09 ± 0.89	5.04 ± 0.03	57.01 ± 0.43	8.25 ± 0.18	18.90 ± 0.9	60.63 ± 0.65
CP-4	9.73 ± 0.47	4.84 ± 0.03	55.68 ± 0.36	7.90 ± 0.11	20.14 ± 0.71	59.74 ± 0.50
CP-5	11.64 ± 0.82	4.99 ± 0.03	58.06 ± 0.57	6.89 ± 0.19	21.68 ± 0.82	62.36 ± 0.66
CP-6	13.08 ± 0.42	5.08 ± 0.05	59.54 ± 0.50	6.10 ± 0.32	20.60 ± 0.86	63.21 ± 0.32
CP-7	14.62 ± 0.53	5.10 ± 0.02	52.48 ± 0.43	7.90 ± 0.35	19.73 ± 0.40	56.62 ± 0.41
CP-8	11.20 ± 0.07	4.89 ± 0.07	60.49 ± 0.55	6.78 ± 0.18	23.27 ± 0.43	65.17 ± 0.41
CP-9	16.23 ± 1.03	5.10 ± 0.01	54.68 ± 0.71	7.75 ± 0.27	22.33 ± 0.44	59.58 ± 0.78
CP-10	14.89 ± 0.61	4.79 ± 0.03	53.08 ± 0.80	10.43 ± 0.35	22.22 ± 0.49	58.48 ± 0.49

^aL, Degree of whiteness (white + 100 ↔ 0 black); a, Degree of redness (red + 100 ↔ –80 green); b, Degree of yellowness (yellow + 70 ↔ –80 blue); △E (color) = √ L²+a²+b²;

^bMeans ± SD (n = 5).

Table 4 Particle size and cumulative size distribution of various cinnamon powders available in Korean market

		Cumulative distribution
		d10		d25		d50		d75		d90
Sample	Average partice size (μm)	Average (μm)	%	Average (μm)	%	Average (μm)	%	Average (μm)	%	Average (μm)	%
CP-1	128.00 ± 117.85	14.4764	2.36	36.4671	5.94	93.0773	15.15	188.869	30.74	281.534	45.82
CP-2	216.85 ± 198.26	14.7746	1.39	51.3038	4.84	166.809	15.73	341.098	32.16	486.767	45.89
CP-3	58.95 ± 50.08	9.43216	3.26	21.3393	7.38	45.0505	15.58	81.2411	28.10	132.086	45.68
CP-4	155.04 ± 145.41	14.3672	1.88	40.9877	5.35	110.19	14.38	223.916	29.23	376.562	49.16
CP-5	136.87 ± 128.79	11.1896	1.69	32.7361	4.93	99.0036	14.91	205.977	31.03	314.972	47.44
CP-6	152.28 ± 141.68	12.6579	1.68	36.8678	4.89	107.847	14.32	231.195	30.69	364.765	48.42
CP-7	294.89 ± 254.01	25.3007	1.74	76.5058	5.25	224.349	15.39	466.497	32.00	665.181	45.63
CP-8	110.60 ± 112.62	7.47441	1.42	18.1839	3.45	76.7879	14.58	175.905	33.40	248.363	47.15
CP-9	202.53 ± 174.94	18.8445	1.87	52.8643	5.24	155.439	15.40	318.466	31.55	463.912	45.95
CP-10	127.42 ± 119.15	10.3777	1.72	27.5108	4.56	101.554	16.82	190.317	31.52	274.127	45.39

Figure 4 Principal component analysis of physicochemical qualities (moisture, pH, and Hunter E) of various cinnamon powders available in the Korean market.

Figure 5  Particle size of various cinnamon powders available in the Korean market.