Effects of the Acid- and Alkali-Aided Processes on Bighead Carp (Aristichthys nobilis) Muscle Proteins

Figures & data

FIGURE 1 Protein recovery of minced bighead carp muscles prepared by different treatments. Means in columns with different letters were significantly different (p < 0.05). CW: conventional washing method, AC: acid-aided processing, AL: alkali-aided processing.

Table 1 Texture profile analysis of gels prepared by the conventional washing method, acid-, and alkali-aided processes

Treatment	Hardness (g)	Springiness	Cohesiveness	Chewiness (g)
CW	1780.5 ± 27.6^a	91.7 ± 1.3^a	0.67 ± 0.01^b	1116.1 ± 56.8^a
AC	1503.1 ± 35.1^c	90.3 ± 0.5^a	0.67 ± 0.01^b	927.1 ± 19.0^b
AL	1611.1 ± 39.2^b	90.5 ± 0.4^a	0.71 ± 0.01^a	1050.4 ± 19.8^a

Means in each row having different lowercase letters are significantly different (p < 0.05). CW: conventional washing method, AC: acid-aided processing, AL: alkali-aided processing.

FIGURE 2 Differential scanning calorimetry thermogram of minced bighead carp muscles prepared by different treatments. CW: conventional washing method, AC: acid-aided processing, AL: alkali-aided processing.

FIGURE 3 Chemical interactions in minced bighead carp muscles and their thermal gels (30 min at 90°C). A: Ionic bond; B: Hydrogen bond; C: Hydrophobic interaction; D: Total sulphydryl (SH) content. Means in columns with different letters were significantly different (p < 0.05). CW: conventional washing method, AC: acid-aided processing, AL: alkali-aided processing.

FIGURE 4 CD spectrum of actomyosin extracted from minced bighead carp muscles prepared by different treatments. CW: conventional washing method, AC: acid-aided processing, AL: alkali-aided processing.

FIGURE 5 α-helix content of actomyosin extracted from minced bighead carp muscles prepared by different treatments. Means in columns with different letters were significantly different (p < 0.05). CW: conventional washing method, AC: acid-aided processing, AL: alkali-aided processing.