Storage stability of essential oil of cumin (Cuminum Cyminum L.) as a function of temperature

Figures & data

Table 1. Chemical composition of C. cyminum essential oils during six months of storage at room temperature (25°C)

No.	Compounds	RI*	After distillation (%)	Month after distillation (%)
				1	2	3	4	5	6
1	α-Pinene	932	0.64	0.54	0.32	0.25	0	0	0
2	β- Pinene	977	10.93	10.03	6.29	5.26	4.89	2.64	1.57
3	Myrcene	989	0.12	0.06	0	0	0	0	0
4	p-Cymene	1025	26.3	24.81	24.09	23.78	19.71	16.19	14.93
5	Limonene	1028	0.48	0.24	0.24	0.11	0	0	0
6	1,8-Cineole	1031	0.42	0.47	0.45	0.53	0.65	0.55	0.51
7	γ-Terpinene	1057	1.20	0.18	0.15	0	0	0	0
8	Menthone	1154	0.24	0.27	1.14	1.04	1.58	2.3	2.4
9	Menthol	1172	0.23	0.27	1.27	1.21	1.55	2.32	0.56
10	Pulegone	1194	0.58	0.43	0.43	0.45	0.50	0.51	0.53
11	p-Cumenol	1231	0.80	1.1	1.08	1.41	1.89	1.81	0.71
12	Cumin aldehyde	1245	46.10	46.67	48.46	52.32	56.29	60.21	63.31
13	Safranal	1249	1.95	1.93	1.9	1.92	2.1	2.2	2.47
14	Cumin alcohol	1292	3.51	2.76	2.53	2.47	2.47	1.94	1.78
15	2-Thiophenecarboxaldehyde	1320	1.53	2.33	2.68	3.01	3.02	3.53	4.68
16	Cuminic acid	1440	2.35	3.1	4.03	4.56	4.6	5.1	6.41
	Grouped components (%)
	Monoterpene hydrocarbons		39.67	35.86	31.09	29.4	24.6	18.83	16.5
	Oxygenated monoterpenes		56.18	57	61.29	65.91	71.63	76.94	78.68
	Others		1.53	2.33	2.68	3.01	3.02	3.53	4.68
	Total		97.38	95.19	95.06	98.32	99.25	99.3	99.86

*Retention indices (RIs) on the HP-5 column.

Table 2. Chemical composition of C. cyminum essential oils during six months of storage at refrigerator temperature (4◦C)

No.	Compounds	RI	After distillation (%)	Month after distillation (%)
				1	2	3	4	5	6
1	α-Pinene	932	0.64	0.5	0.54	0.59	0.73	0.67	0.31
2	β- Pinene	977	10.93	10.91	9.85	9.83	9.05	8.54	5.69
3	Myrcene	989	0.12	0	0	0	0	0	0
4	p-Cymene	1025	26.3	26.23	26.32	23.11	23.09	22.45	21.44
5	Limonene	1028	0.48	0.52	0.41	0.36	0.34	0.28	0
6	1,8-Cineole	1031	0.42	0.3	0.49	0.83	0.63	0.38	0.2
7	γ-Terpinene	1057	1.20	0.3	0.3	0.31	0.34	0.33	0.15
8	Menthone	1154	0.24	0.28	0.87	2.28	1.2	0.23	0.27
9	Menthol	1172	0.23	0.24	0.93	2.94	1.14	0.27	0.56
10	Pulegone	1194	0.58	0.56	0.47	0.44	0.4	0.41	0.53
11	p-Cumenol	1231	0.80	1.24	1.20	1.23	1.04	1.28	0.71
12	Cumin aldehyde	1245	46.10	46.11	47.31	48.63	49.6	49.97	50.52
13	Safranal	1249	1.95	1.9	1.93	1.9	1.96	1.99	2.47
14	Cumin alcohol	1292	3.51	3.49	2.77	2.69	2.13	2.27	2.47
15	2-Thiophenecarboxaldehyde	1320	1.53	1.84	2.72	2.92	3.36	2.45	2.68
16	Cuminic acid	1440	2.35	1.5	1.2	1.78	2.09	2.43	4.6
	Grouped components (%)
	Monoterpene hydrocarbons		39.67	38.46	37.42	34.2	33.55	32.27	27.59
	Oxygenated monoterpenes		56.18	55.62	57.17	62.72	60.19	59.23	62.33
	Others		1.53	1.84	2.72	2.92	3.36	2.45	2.68
	Total		97.38	95.92	97.31	99.84	97.1	93.95	92.6

*Retention indices (RIs) on the HP-5 column.

Table 3. Chemical composition of C. cyminum essential oils during six months of storage at freezer temperature (−20◦C)

No.	Compounds	RI	After distillation (%)	Month after distillation (%)
				1	2	3	4	5	6
1	α-Pinene	932	0.64	0.47	0.39	0.55	0.53	0.5	0.5
2	β- Pinene	977	10.93	9.58	9.05	8.94	8.73	8.57	7.63
3	Myrcene	989	0.12	0.13	0.12	0	0	0	0
4	p-Cymene	1025	26.3	26.46	26.47	26.22	24.53	22.76	21.28
5	Limonene	1028	0.48	0.37	0.34	0.45	0.47	0.42	0.41
6	1,8-Cineole	1031	0.42	0.36	0.38	0.48	0.73	0.5	0.44
7	γ-Terpinene	1057	1.20	1.31	1.18	1.39	1.51	1.53	1.54
8	Menthone	1154	0.24	0.17	0.66	0.53	1.86	0.93	0.68
9	Menthol	1172	0.23	0.19	0.54	0.42	1.8	1.07	0.69
10	Pulegone	1194	0.58	0.5	0.58	0.59	0.53	0.5	0.55
11	p-Cumenol	1231	0.80	1.2	1.35	1.21	1.12	1.2	1.2
12	Cumin aldehyde	1245	46.10	45.59	47.42	48.07	48.38	51.11	51.22
13	Safranal	1249	1.95	0.81	0	0	0	0	0
14	Cumin alcohol	1292	3.51	3.69	3.04	3.08	2.6	2.7	1.81
15	2-Thiophenecarboxaldehyde		1.53	2.66	2.7	3.99	3.02	3.41	2. 73
16	Cuminic acid	1440	2.35	2.22	2.74	2.72	2.75	2.96	4.15
	Grouped components (%)
	Monoterpene hydrocarbons		39.67	38.32	37.55	37.55	35.77	33.78	31.36
	Oxygenated monoterpenes		56.18	54.73	56.71	57.1	59.77	60.97	60.74
	Others		1.53	2.66	2.7	3.99	3.02	3.41	2.73
	Total		97.38	95.71	96.96	98.64	98.56	98.16	94.83

*Retention indices (RIs) on the HP-5 column.

Figure 1. Changes of the major compounds of Cuminum cyminum essential oil during six months of storage at room temperature.

Figure 2. Percentage of the main compounds of C. cyminum essential oils after six months of storage at room temperature (25°C), refrigerator (4°C), and freezer (−20°C) conditions.

Figure 3. Percentage of the grouped components of C. cyminum essential oils after six months of storage at room temperature (25°C), refrigerator (4°C), and freezer (−20°C) conditions.