Analysis of contaminated milk with organochlorine pesticide residues using gas chromatography

Figures & data

Figure 1. Chromatogram of organochlorine pesticides analyzed by GC-ECD. Detector temp. Peaks: 1 Ɣ-HCH (10.87), α-endosulfan (11.96), 3.βendosulfan (12.54), 4.Endosulfan-sulphate (13.96), 5.DDE (15.44), 6.DDT (16.05), 7.Dieldrin (16.13).

Figure 2. Variations among different milk points of Sahiwal regarding contents of DDT in milk samples.

Figure 3. Variations among different milk points of Sahiwal regarding contents of DDE in milk samples.

Figure 4. Variations among different milk points of Sahiwal regarding contents of Dieldrin in milk samples.

Figure 5. Variations among different milk points of Sahiwal regarding contents of Ɣ-HCH in milk samples.

Figure 6. Variations among different milk points of Sahiwal regarding contents of α-Endosulphan in milk samples.

Figure 7. Variations among different milk points of Sahiwal regarding contents of β-Endosulphan in milk samples.

Figure 8. Variations among different milk points of Sahiwal regarding contents of Endosulphan sulphate in milk samples.

Table 1. Concentration of pesticide residues (ug/kg) in all milk points.

Variable	Mean	Range	MRL^[31] ug/kg
DDT	4.2	0.05–4.6	40
DDE	3.13	0.21–15.61	40
Dieldrin	11.82	2.08–18.45	6
Ɣ-HCH	1.34	0.19–10.18	1
α-Endo	112.69	0.75–228.6	100
β-Endo	107.16	2.4–297.1	100
Endosulphan sulphate	91.3	1.5–19.6	100

Figure 9. Percentages of pesticide use on different crops in Pakistan.

Figure 10. Percentages of different pesticide use in Pakistan.