Conceptualizing and measuring subnational democracy across Indian states

Figures & data

Figure 1. Concept structure electoral democracy.

Figure 2. Average score on electoral democracy index (1985–2015).

Figure 3. Democracy index by state (1985–2013).

Figure 4. Temporal Trends by State (1985–2013).

Table

State	Elections
Andhra Pradesh	1985, 1989, 1994, 1999, 2004, 2009
Arunachal Pradesh	1990, 1995, 1999, 2004, 2009
Assam	1985, 1991, 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011
Bihar	1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005-Oct, 2010
Chhattisgarh	2003, 2008
Delhi	1993, 1998, 2003, 2008, 2013
Goa	1989, 1994, 1999, 2002, 2007, 2012
Gujarat	1985, 1990, 1995, 1998, 2002, 2007, 2012
Haryana	1987, 1991, 1996, 2000, 2005, 2009
Himachal Pradesh	1985, 1990, 1993, 1998, 2003, 2007, 2012
Jammu & Kashmir	1987, 1996, 2002, 2008
Jharkhand	2005, 2009
Karnataka	1985, 1989, 1994, 1999, 2004, 2008
Kerala	1987, 1991, 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011
Madhya Pradesh	1985, 1990, 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008
Maharashtra	1985, 1990, 1995, 1999, 2004, 2009
Manipur	1990, 1995, 2000, 2002, 2007, 2012
Meghalaya	1988, 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008, 2013
Mizoram	1987, 1989, 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008
Nagaland	1987, 1989, 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008, 2013
Orissa	1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2004, 2009
Puducherry	1985, 1990, 1991, 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011
Punjab	1985, 1992, 1997, 2002, 2007, 2012
Rajasthan	1985, 1990, 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008
Sikkim	1985, 1989, 1994, 1999, 2004, 2009
Tamil Nadu	1989, 1991, 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011
Tripura	1988, 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008, 2013
Uttar Pradesh	1985, 1989, 1991, 1993, 1996, 2002, 2007, 2012
Uttarakhand	2002, 2007, 2012
West Bengal	1987, 1991, 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011

Excluded Elections

Table

State	Year	Explanation
Bihar	2005-Feb	No government could be formed. Elections were held in October of the same year.