The buffering effect of family functioning on the psychological consequences of headache

Figures & data

Table 1. The correlations between all the variables.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1. Age	–
2. Gender	15
3. Marital status	54**	24**
4. Type of headache	−.10	−.22*	−.05
5. Type of chronicity	02	12	06	−.14
6. Headache intensity	−.01	04	01	09	12
7. Family functioning	−.08	−.05	02	01	21*	−.01
8. Distress	−.01	1	−.22*	−.01	12	27**	−.31**

Notes. Pearson correlations were calculated for continuous variables. Point biserial correlations were used to investigate the associations between dichotomized variables, i.e. Gender (female = 0, male = 1), Marital status (single = 0, married = 1), Type of headache (migraine = 0, tension-type = 1), and type of chronicity (non-chronic = 0; chronic = 1).

* p < .05;

** p < .01.

Table 2. The results of the moderating effects of the family functioning on the association between headache intensity and distress.

		B	SE	β	Adjusted R^2	∆R^2	∆F	P
Step 1					.05	.06	3.92	.02
	Marital status	−.14	.05	−.22				.01
	Chronicity of headache	.10	.05	.16				.05
Step 2					.21	.18	13.62	<.001
	Headache intensity	.01	.003	.30				<.001
	Family functioning	−.64	.14	−.36				<.001
Step 3					.25	.03	5.28	.02
	Headache intensity × Family functioning	−.02	.01	−.19				.02

Notes. The Bs, SEs, and β’s are from the final model; final regression model: F(5118) = 8.69, p = <.001.

Figure 1. The interactive effect of headache intensity and family functioning on distress.