Extreme hardship, care ethics, and humanitarian protection: Lessons from Libya and Italy

Figures & data

Figure 1. First instance decisions on asylum seekers, Italy, 2018.

source: Authors’ elaboration on Eurostat data

Table 1. Asylum and international protection numbers in Italy, 2015–2021.

	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
Total applications lodged	83,970	123,600	130,119	53,596	43,783	26,963	56,388
Total decisions taken*	71,117	91,102	81,527	95,576	95,060	42,604	52,987
Refugees	5%	5%	8%	8%	11%	11 %	15 %
Subsidiary protection	14%	14%	9 %	9%	7%	11 %	17 %
Humanitarian protection	22%	21%	25%	25%	1%	2%	12%
Refusal (Diniego)	53%	56%	52%	52%	65%	44%	56%
Not to be found	6%	4%	5%	5%	9%	14%
Other	0%	0%	1%	1%	7%	18%

Source: Authors’ elaboration on the Italian Ministry of Interior data (2023).

*Independently by the application date.

Constitution of the Italian Republic. Available at: https://www.senato.it/documenti/repository/istituzione/costituzione_inglese.pdf

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