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Culture, Health & Sexuality
An International Journal for Research, Intervention and Care
Volume 17, 2015 - Issue 9
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Articles

Patterns of fertility preferences and contraceptive behaviour over time: change and continuities among the urban poor in Nairobi, Kenya

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Pages 1074-1089 | Received 06 Oct 2013, Accepted 04 Apr 2015, Published online: 09 Jun 2015
 

Abstract

The main objective of this paper is to investigate the association between fertility preferences and contraceptive use among 15–49-year-old women living in Korogocho and Viwandani, informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya. We draw on longitudinal data collected under the Maternal and Child Health project conducted between 2006 and 2010 in the two settlements. There is substantial regularity and stability but also unusual instability in reported fertility preferences over time among women living in these settings. Younger women, aged 15–24 years, are likely to change their preferences over time, passing from limiting to wanting additional children. But women aged 35–49 are likely to change their preferences from desiring more children to limiting their childbearing. The desire to limit childbearing is strongly associated with the use of modern and long-acting contraceptive methods. Findings have major implications for the success of family planning programmes in informal settlements where access to and knowledge about contraception may be limited.

El principal objetivo de este artículo es investigar la asociación entre las preferencias de fertilidad y el uso de anticonceptivos en mujeres con edades comprendidas entre los 15 y 49 años que viven en Korogocho y Viwandani, enclaves informales de Nairobi, Kenia. Nos basamos en datos longitudinales recabados en el marco de un proyecto de salud maternoinfantil llevado a cabo entre 2006 y 2010 en los dos enclaves. Existen regularidad y estabilidad considerables pero también una inestabilidad poco usual en las preferencias de fertilidad informadas con el tiempo por las mujeres que viven en estos entornos. Las mujeres más jóvenes, entre 15 y 24 años, suelen cambiar sus preferencias con el tiempo, pasando de limitar la maternidad a querer más hijos. Pero las mujeres entre 35 y 49 años suelen cambiar sus preferencias de desear más hijos a limitar la maternidad. El deseo de limitar la maternidad está muy asociado al uso de métodos anticonceptivos modernos y de larga duración. Estos resultados pueden ser muy útiles para el éxito de los programas de planificación familiar en enclaves informales, donde la disponibilidad de métodos anticonceptivos y los conocimientos sobre ellos pueden estar muy limitados.

L'objectif principal de cet article est d'examiner l'association entre les choix de fécondité et l'usage des méthodes contraceptives chez les femmes âgées de 15 à 49 ans vivant à Korogocho et à Viwandani, des quartiers informels de Nairobi, au Kenya. Nous nous appuyons sur des données longitudinales collectées dans le cadre du projet sur la santé maternelle et infantile conduit dans ces deux quartiers entre 2006 et 2010. Ces données révèlent que les choix de fécondité rapportés par les femmes vivant dans ces quartiers sont considérablement stables, mais aussi inhabituellement instables dans le temps. Les femmes les plus jeunes (15 – 24 ans) sont susceptibles de modifier leurs choix au fil du temps, en passant de celui de la limitation du nombre d'enfants au désir de nouveaux enfants. Mais celles qui ont entre 35 et 49 ans sont susceptibles de modifier leurs choix, en passant du désir d'avoir de nouveaux enfants à celui de limiter le nombre d'enfants. La limitation du nombre d'enfants est fortement associée au recours aux méthodes contraceptives modernes et à effet prolongé. Ces résultats ont des implications majeures pour l'efficacité des programmes du planning familial conduits dans des quartiers informels où l'accès à la contraception et les connaissances en la matière peuvent être limités.

Acknowledgements

This project is nested in the Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System, which is part of the INDEPTH Network. We are grateful to colleagues at APHRC for their contributions and to women in Korogocho and Viwandani for their participation in the study.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This study is part of a larger project on Urbanization, Poverty and Health Dynamics, that was funded by the Wellcome Trust [Grant Number GR 07830M]. Analysis and writing time is supported by funding from the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation through a sub-grant by the INDEPTH Network [Grant Number IND/CS005/2010]. This work was also made possible through the generous core funding to APHRC by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency - Sida [Grant Number 2011-001578] and the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation [Grant Number 2012–7612].

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