Recent advances in synthesis and application of perovskite quantum dot based composites for photonics, electronics and sensors

Figures & data

Scheme 1. Schematic illustration of the structures and applications of HP-QDs composites discussed in this review. Produced with permission from [69,77]. © 2018 ACS Publications [105,117];. © 2017 Royal Society of Chemistry [116,121]; © 2017 ACS publications [134]; © 2018 ScienceDirect [122,177]; © 2018 ScienceDirect.

Scheme 2. An overview of the synthesis methods for various structures of HP-QDs based composites.

Figure 1. Schematic illustration of the synthesis strategies of (a) CsPbBr₃ QD core/SiO₂ shell structure. (b) CsPbBr₃ QD core/TiO₂ shell structure; transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of (c) CsPbBr₃ QDs (d) CsPbBr₃ QD/TiO₂ composites at single particle level. Produced with permission from [69]. © 2018 ACS Publications, and [70]. © 2018 Wiley.

Figure 2. (a) Schematic illustration of synthesis strategy of QD/silica composites. (b) The simplified synthesis of CsPbBr3/SiO2 composite; PL intensity of CsPbBr₃/SiO₂ composite under (c-d) heat, (e) 365 nm UV light (f) xenon lamp irradiation. Produced with permission from [74]. © 2016 Wiley, and [82]. © 2019 ScienceDirect.

Figure 3. (a) Schematic illustration of MAPbBr₃-QDs/PVDF synthesis via separate crystallization: Stage Ⅰ: mixture poured on the substrate; Stage II: evaporation of DMF; Stage III: removing the residual DMF. (b) Schematic illustration of the formation via Swelling-deswelling, and (c) via porous polymer template. Reproduced with permission from [91,92]. © 2016 Wiley, and [105]. © 2017 Royal Society of Chemistry.

Figure 4. (a) Schematic illustration of HP-QDs/MSP synthesis via physical stirring. (b-c) TEM images of HP-QDs/MSP obtained via capillary force. (d-e) TEM images of HP-QDs/MSP obtained via recrystallization. Reproduced with permission from [101]. © 2016 Wiley, and [102]. ©2016 ACS publication, and [103]. © 2018 ACS publication.

Figure 5. (a) Schematic illustration of the a-SiO₂/HP-QDs synthesis. (b-d) TEM images of the a-SiO₂/HP-QDs composite. (e) Size distribution of the loaded HP-QDs. Reproduced with permission from [118]. © 2017 Wiley.

Figure 6. Schematic illustrations of (a) the structures of crystal lattice of perovskite CsPbX₃ before and after Mn²⁺doping; (b) the formation of CsPbBr₃ and Eu³⁺:CsPbBr₃ QDs via melt-quenching. (c-d) TEM images of Mn²⁺:CsPbX₃ QDs prepared via HI. (e-f) TEM images of Eu³⁺:CsPbBr₃ QDs prepared via melt-quenching. Reproduced with permission from [121]. © 2017 ACS publications, and [127]. © 2019 ScienceDirect.

Figure 7. Crystal structures of (a) CsPbBr₃, (b) CsPb₂Br₅ and (c) dual-phase CsPbBr₃/CsPb₂Br₅ composite. Reproduced with permission from [134]. © 2018 ScienceDirect.

Figure 8. (a) PL spectra of CsPb(Br/I)₃ QDs with varying Br/I ratio. (b) Picture of CsPb(Br/I)₃ solution under UV light (top) and normal white light (bottom). (c) CIE color coordinates of CsPbBr₃, CsPbBr_1,2I_1.8 and CsPbI₃ separately. (d) Electroluminescence spectrum of CsPbBr₃ QDs/SHFW composites, K₂SiF₆:Mn⁴⁺ and blue LED chip. (e) CIE color coordinate of CsPbBr₃ QDs/SHFW/blue chip WLED. Reproduced with permission from [83]. © 2018 ScienceDirect, and [110]. © 2019 ACS Publications.

Figure 9. (a) Stability of PL quantum yield of CsPbBr3 QDs/SHFW in water. (b) Photos of CsPbBr₃ QDs/SHFW in water after 3 months and 6 months under UV light (right) and normal white light (left). (c) Photos of CsPbBr₃ QDs/SHFW in white light, UV light and under water drop. (d) PL spectra of CsPbBr₃ QDs/SHFW composites. Reproduced with permission from [110]. © 2019 ACS Publications.

Figure 10. Energy level diagram of (a) MAPbI₃/TiO_2, (b) CsPbBr₃/TiO₂ and CsPbBr₃/ZrO₂. (c) Schematic illustration of MAPbI₃/TiO₂ NTs composites. (d) I–V curves and (e) I-t curves of pure TiO₂ NTs, MAPbI₃/TiO₂ NTs and MAPbI₃/TiO₂ NWs under darkness, 350 nm light, 700 nm light. Reproduced with permission from [113]. © 2017 Wiley, and [157]. © 2018 ACS Publications.

Figure 11. (a) Yield of product from CO₂ reduction and (b) quantum efficiency using CsPbBr₃ QD and CsPbBr₃ QD/GO composite as the photocatalyst, respectively. (c) I-t curves under −0.4 V and electrochemical impedance Nyquist plots under 150 mW/cm² and −0.4 V. Reproduced with permission from [116]. © 2017 ACS Publications.

Figure 12. (a) Schematic illustration and (b) EQE of traditional silicon solar cell. (c) Energy level diagram of Mn²⁺:CsPbCl_3. (d) Working lifetime of pure Mn²⁺, CsPbCl₃ QDs and Mn²⁺:CsPbCl₃ QDs. (e) Schematic illustration and (f) Surface reflectance spectra of silicon solar cell with Mn²⁺:CsPbCl₃ layer. Influence of Mn²⁺:CsPbCl₃ QDs layer on second-reflection with different concentration. (g) 3 mg/mL and (h) 18 mg/mL. Reproduced with permission from [122]. © 2018 ScienceDirect.

Figure 13. (a) TEM image and (b) XRD pattern of pure CsPbBr₃ QDs. (c) Schematic illustration of the device structure. (d) Optical absorption and (e) PL spectrum of pure CsPbBr₃ QDs, PQT-12 and CsPbBr₃ QDs/PQT-12 composites. Optical response of CsPbBr₃ QDs/PQT-12 composites. Reproduced with permission from [178]. © 2019 Wiley.

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