Chilean psychologists as expert witnesses: The challenges of a new criminal justice system

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the nature and extent of the work of forensic psychologists in Chile, to investigate how it has changed with the recent reform of the criminal justice system (RCJS) there, and to compare the role of expert witness for psychologists in Chile, the UK, and the USA. A sample of 167 Chilean psychologists (35% of those approached) completed a detailed questionnaire about their court work experience and training. The results showed that psychologists in Chile are actively involved in court work and are playing an important role in the RCJS. Many of them produce an enormous number of reports but have received little or no training with regard to forensic assessments, report writing, or court appearance. Most of the cases involve child protection and suspected sexual abuse, where credibility issues are often a key focus. Evaluation of cases often relies on projective tests and there is a lack of reliable forensic measures available to Chilean psychologists. Court work has become much more demanding following the 2000 RCJS, because psychologists now have to give oral evidence in many more cases. The study raises concerns about the quality of the work of forensic psychologists in Chile. They need more training and a better understanding of their role in an adversarial system. More research and better communication with experts from other countries might enrich forensic practice in Chile.

Keywords:

• forensic psychology
• expert witnesses
• court reports
• forensic assessments
• reform of criminal justice system
• Chile